Benchmark Almanac

Cyber Range

GPT-5.5 93.3% leads since April 2026
Only in system cards

Agents run end-to-end cyber operations in emulated networks. Scored as the share of scenarios passed in at least one of 16 trials.

In-house OpenAI evaluation. OpenAI adds scenarios over time, so combined pass rates differ across cards.

Made by
OpenAI
Released
April 2025
Kind
Finding and exploiting real bugs
Level
Expert
Scored
Checked automatically
Answers
Agent task
Tasks
Kept private
Strongest model tested
GPT-5.6 Sol #13 on the capability index
Last in a system card
August 2026
Last model added
August 2026
10
Models scored in lab cards
14
System cards report it, from 1 lab

GPT-5.5 leads with 93.3% among models released by July 2026

Best score per model as labs report them in their own cards. Labs pick their own settings, so these compare less cleanly than independent runs.

The newest model with a score here came out in July 2026, and nobody has reported a newer one. Among the 20 highest-ranked models on the capability index, these have no score yet:

  1. 93.3 GPT-5.5
  2. 83.3 GPT-5.6 Sol
  3. 80.0 GPT-5.3 Codex
  4. 76.9 GPT-5.5 Instant
  5. 73.3 GPT-5.4
  6. 72.7 GPT-5.2 Codex
  7. 61.5 GPT-5.6 Luna
  8. 0.0 o3
  9. 0.0 o4-mini
  10. 0.0 GPT-5
  1. 1 GPT-5.5 93.3%
  2. 2 GPT-5.6 Sol 83.3%
  3. 3 GPT-5.3 Codex 80%
  4. 4 GPT-5.5 Instant 76.9%
  5. 5 GPT-5.4 73.3%
  6. 6 GPT-5.2 Codex 72.7%
  7. 7 GPT-5.6 Luna 61.5%
  8. 8 o3 0%
  9. 9 o4-mini 0%
  10. 10 GPT-5 0%

Source: Labs’ model cards

#ModelScoreSettingDateSource
1 GPT-5.5 93.3% Apr 2026 Lab model card
2 GPT-5.6 Sol 83.3% Aug 2026 Lab model card
3 GPT-5.3 Codex 80% Feb 2026 Lab model card
4 GPT-5.5 Instant 76.9% May 2026 Lab model card
5 GPT-5.4 73.3% Mar 2026 Lab model card
6 GPT-5.2 Codex 72.7% Dec 2025 Lab model card
7 GPT-5.6 Luna 61.5% Aug 2026 Lab model card
8 o3 0% Apr 2025 Lab model card
9 o4-mini 0% Apr 2025 Lab model card
10 GPT-5 0% Aug 2025 Lab model card

4 models have held number one in labs’ own numbers since its release in April 2025

Lab claims count from the day the card came out, independent runs from the model’s release.

OpenAI
Lab claims Passed 85% in Apr 2026, by GPT-5.5
GPT-5.5 93.3%

Source: Labs’ model cards

OpenAI’s own number for GPT-5.5 passed 85% in April 2026

All the scores we have, one dot each, so a model tested at several settings appears more than once.

Reported by the lab in its model card Best so far
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 2025 2026 Near the ceiling (85%) GPT-5.5 GPT-5.3 Codex GPT-5.2 Codex 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 2025 2026 Near the ceiling (85%) GPT-5.5 GPT-5.3 Codex

Source: Labs’ model cards

Labs report it only in system cards

We read the headline results of 522 launch posts from 52 labs, and none of them list this benchmark. Some system cards do, below.

14 system cards report it, from 1 lab

Besides launch posts, we read the system cards, model cards and technical reports labs publish with a release. They report far more, including safety and frontier-risk tests.

DateDocumentScoreAs the document writes itSection
Aug 6, 2026 GPT-5.6 Sol system card addendum 83.3 Cyber range, combined pass rate, representative checkpoint (7.1.2.3 table) Cyber risk
Aug 6, 2026 GPT-5.6 Luna system card addendum 61.5 Cyber range, combined pass rate, representative checkpoint (7.1.2.3 table) Cyber risk
May 4, 2026 GPT-5.5 Instant system card 76.9 Cyber range, combined pass rate over 13 scenarios, 10 passed (Table 9, 8.1.2.3) Cyber risk
Apr 23, 2026 GPT-5.5 system card 93.3 Cyber range, combined pass rate over 15 scenarios (Table 15, 9.1.2.3) Cyber risk
Mar 5, 2026 GPT-5.4 system card 73.3 Cyber Range combined pass rate (Table 13, Figure 14, 5.1.2.3) Cyber risk
Feb 5, 2026 GPT-5.3 Codex system card 80 Cyber Range, combined pass rate over 15 scenarios (Table 5, Figure 7, 5.1.2.3) Cyber risk
Dec 18, 2025 GPT-5.2 Codex system card addendum 72.7 Cyber Range combined pass rate, 8 of 11 scenarios passed (Table 7, 5.1.2.3) Cyber risk
Dec 11, 2025 GPT-5.2 system card addendum Cyber Range, PASS or FAIL per scenario, 6 of 9 scenarios PASS, no combined rate printed (Table 12) Cyber risk
Nov 18, 2025 GPT-5.1-Codex-Max system card Cyber Range, PASS or FAIL per scenario over 16 trials, 6 PASS, 1 PARTIAL (Leaked Token) and 1 FAIL (Medium C2) of 8 scenarios, no combined rate printed (Table 9, 5.1.2.3) Cyber risk
Aug 7, 2025 GPT-5 system card 0 Cyber Range, pass@12 without hints, light 0% and medium 0%, no scenario solved unaided (Figure 15) Cyber risk
Aug 7, 2025 GPT-5 mini system card Cyber Range, pass@12 without hints, gpt-5-thinking-mini light 16% and medium 0%, no overall score (Figure 15) Cyber risk
Jul 17, 2025 ChatGPT agent system card Cyber Range, Online Retailer and Privilege Escalation, helpful-only variant 0% Normal and With Hints (pass@12), 87% and 94% With Solver Code (pass@1), no released-model value (Figures 6, 7, 5.1.2.2) Cyber risk
Apr 16, 2025 o4-mini system card 0 Cyber Range, online retailer and simple privilege escalation scenarios, Normal configuration pass@12, o4-mini no browsing launch candidate, printed chart labels (Figures 8, 12) Cyber risk
Apr 16, 2025 o3 system card 0 Cyber Range, online retailer and simple privilege escalation scenarios, Normal configuration pass@12, o3 no browsing launch candidate, printed chart labels (Figures 8, 12) Cyber risk

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