Benchmark Almanac

IndicGenBench

Gemini 2.5 Pro Jun 2025 77.1 leads since June 2025
Gemini 2.5 Pro Jun 2025 77.1 leads since June 2025
Dropped

Models summarize, translate, and answer questions across 29 Indic languages using human-translated versions of CrossSum, FLORES, XQuAD, and XorQA. Each task uses its standard metric.

Google DeepMind runs it as a Kaggle benchmark (published December 4th, 2025, 14 models). It covers 29 Indic languages.

Made by
Google Research
Released
April 2024
Kind
Reading in many languages
Level
Everyday
Scored
Checked automatically
Answers
Open-ended
Tasks
All public
Strongest model tested
Gemini 3 Pro #55 on the capability index
Last in a launch post
May 2025, dropped before it saturated
Last model added
November 2025
Scores refreshed
November 12th, 2026

In the authors’ words

As large language models (LLMs) see increasing adoption across the globe, it is imperative for LLMs to be representative of the linguistic diversity of the world. India is a linguistically diverse country of 1.4 Billion people. To facilitate research on multilingual LLM evaluation, we release IndicGenBench - the largest benchmark for evaluating LLMs on user-facing generation tasks across a diverse set 29 of Indic languages covering 13 scripts and 4 language families. IndicGenBench is composed of diverse generation tasks like cross-lingual summarization, machine translation, and cross-lingual question answering. IndicGenBench extends existing benchmarks to many Indic languages through human curation providing multi-way parallel evaluation data for many under-represented Indic languages for the first time. We evaluate a wide range of proprietary and open-source LLMs including GPT-3.5, GPT-4, PaLM-2, mT5, Gemma, BLOOM and LLaMA on IndicGenBench in a variety of settings. The largest PaLM-2 models performs the best on most tasks, however, there is a significant performance gap in all languages compared to English showing that further research is needed for the development of more inclusive multilingual language models. IndicGenBench is released at www.github.com/google-research-datasets/indic-gen-bench

Abstract of IndicGenBench: A Multilingual Benchmark to Evaluate Generation Capabilities of LLMs on Indic Languages (arXiv:2404.16816, CC0)
14
Entries on its own leaderboard, 13 models we track
2
Launch posts list it, from 2 labs
4
System cards report it, from 1 lab

Gemini 2.5 Pro leads with 77.1 among models released by November 2025

Best score per entry from the benchmark's own leaderboard, read on November 12th, 2026. Where a model ran with several settings or harnesses, we keep its best. Names in gray aren't in our model list: fine-tunes, agent systems, products and older models. They don't count toward leaders.

Gemini 2.5 Pro leads with 77.1, claims included

Best score per model from every source, including labs’ own numbers and claims Epoch AI collected from reports and papers. Labs pick their own settings, so a claim can beat an independent run of the same model.

The newest model with a score here came out in November 2025, and nobody has tested a newer one. Among the 20 highest-ranked models on the capability index, these have no score yet:

  1. 1 Gemini 2.5 Pro Jun 2025 77.1
  2. 2 Claude Sonnet 4.5 60.6
  3. 3 Gemini 3 Pro 59.9
  4. 4 Gemini 2.5 Flash Sep 2025 56.9
  5. 5 Claude Opus 4.1 55.0
  6. 6 GPT-5 52.2
  7. 7 Grok 4 52.0
  8. 8 o3 50.0
  9. 9 Qwen 3 235B A22B Instruct 2506 48.9
  10. 10 GPT-4.1 43.7
  11. 11 o4-mini 41.9
  12. 12 gpt-oss-120b 39.1
  13. 13 Sarvam-M 37.2
  14. 14 gpt-oss-20b 34.5

Source: Official IndicGenBench leaderboard

#EntryScoreSettingDateSource
1 Gemini 2.5 Pro Jun 2025 77.1 Jun 2025 Official leaderboard
2 Claude Sonnet 4.5 60.6 Sep 2025 Official leaderboard
3 Gemini 3 Pro 59.9 Nov 2025 Official leaderboard
4 Gemini 2.5 Flash Sep 2025 56.9 Sep 2025 Official leaderboard
5 Claude Opus 4.1 55.0 Aug 2025 Official leaderboard
6 GPT-5 52.2 Aug 2025 Official leaderboard
7 Grok 4 52.0 Jul 2025 Official leaderboard
8 o3 50.0 Apr 2025 Official leaderboard
9 Qwen 3 235B A22B Instruct 2506 48.9 Oct 2025 Official leaderboard
10 GPT-4.1 43.7 Apr 2025 Official leaderboard
11 o4-mini 41.9 Apr 2025 Official leaderboard
12 gpt-oss-120b 39.1 Aug 2025 Official leaderboard
13 Sarvam-M 37.2 May 2025 Official leaderboard
14 gpt-oss-20b 34.5 Aug 2025 Official leaderboard
#ModelScoreSettingDateSource
1 Gemini 2.5 Pro Jun 2025 77.1 Jun 2025 Official leaderboard
2 Gemma 3 27B 63.4 Mar 2025 Lab model card
3 Gemma 3 12B 61.7 Mar 2025 Lab model card
4 Claude Sonnet 4.5 60.6 Sep 2025 Official leaderboard
5 Gemini 3 Pro 59.9 Nov 2025 Official leaderboard
6 Gemma 3 4B 57.2 Mar 2025 Lab model card
7 Gemini 2.5 Flash Sep 2025 56.9 Sep 2025 Official leaderboard
8 Claude Opus 4.1 55.0 Aug 2025 Official leaderboard
9 GPT-5 52.2 Aug 2025 Official leaderboard
10 Grok 4 52.0 Jul 2025 Official leaderboard
11 o3 50.0 Apr 2025 Official leaderboard
12 GPT-4.1 43.7 Apr 2025 Official leaderboard
13 o4-mini 41.9 Apr 2025 Official leaderboard
14 Gemma 3 1B 41.4 Mar 2025 Lab model card
15 gpt-oss-120b 39.1 Aug 2025 Official leaderboard
16 Sarvam-M 37.2 May 2025 Official leaderboard
17 gpt-oss-20b 34.5 Aug 2025 Official leaderboard

Labs report scores for 4 models in their cards. Switch the scores above to rank them together.

3 models have held number one on the official leaderboard since its release in April 2024 2 models have held number one with claims included since its release in April 2024

Lab claims count from the day the card came out, independent runs from the model’s release. We draw one row each for the benchmark’s own leaderboard and what labs claim in their cards.

OpenAI Google DeepMind
Own leaderboard Not tested since Nov 2025
Lab claims Not tested since Mar 2025

Sources: Official IndicGenBench leaderboard and labs’ model cards

Scores over time

All the scores we have, one dot each, so a model tested at several settings appears more than once.

On the benchmark’s own leaderboard Reported by the lab in its model card
30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 2025 2026 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0 70.0 80.0 2025 2026

Sources: Official IndicGenBench leaderboard and labs’ model cards

No launch post has listed it since May 2025

Launch posts from every lab that has listed it, one tick per post. Tall colored ticks include it, and short gray ones leave it out.

Google DeepMind
Sarvam AI
DateLaunch postScoreAs the post writes it
May 23, 2025 Sarvam-M 49 IndicGenBench (0.49)
Mar 12, 2025 Gemma 3 27B 63.4 IndicGenBench (PT)

4 system cards report it, from 1 lab

Besides launch posts, we read the system cards, model cards and technical reports labs publish with a release. They report far more, including safety and frontier-risk tests.

DateDocumentScoreAs the document writes itSection
Mar 25, 2025 Gemma 3 4B technical report 57.2 IndicGenBench (IndicGB) average, chrF, PT (Table 13, detail in Table 14) Capabilities
Mar 25, 2025 Gemma 3 27B technical report 63.4 IndicGenBench (IndicGB) average, chrF, PT (Table 13, detail in Table 14) Capabilities
Mar 25, 2025 Gemma 3 1B technical report 41.4 IndicGenBench (IndicGB) average, chrF, PT (Table 13, detail in Table 14) Capabilities
Mar 25, 2025 Gemma 3 12B technical report 61.7 IndicGenBench (IndicGB) average, chrF, PT (Table 13, detail in Table 14) Capabilities

More in Multilingual

All 120 in Multilingual
  • MMMLU In use MMLU professionally translated into 14 languages. Multiple-choice accuracy. Claude Mythos Preview 92.7%
  • WMT24++ In use English-to-55-language translation of WMT24 test data. Scored with automatic metrics such as MetricX or xCOMET. K-EXAONE 90.5%
  • MMLU-ProX In use MMLU-Pro translated into up to 29 languages with expert review. Multiple-choice accuracy per language. Qwen3.7-Max 87%
  • CLIcK In use Models answer 1,995 multiple-choice questions on Korean language and culture. Questions come from official Korean exams and textbooks in eleven categories. Solar Open 2 90.7%
  • Global MMLU Lite 3.0 In use Models answer 400 human-translated MMLU questions per language in 23 languages. Version 3.0 adds Czech, Hungarian, Oriya, Slovak and Tajik and updates Italian. Accuracy. Nemotron 3 Ultra 550B-A55B Base 90.1%
  • MMMB In use Models answer multiple-choice questions about images in six languages across 15 categories. The set has about 12,000 questions. LFM2.5-VL-3B 83%