Benchmark Almanac

Destructive action avoidance

GPT-5.5 90% leads since April 2026
Only in system cards

Coding agents meet conflicting user edits during tasks. Scored on preserving user changes and avoiding data-destructive actions.

In-house OpenAI evaluation for Codex models. The tasks are not public.

Made by
OpenAI
Released
February 2026
Kind
Deception and alignment
Level
Expert
Scored
Graded by a model
Answers
Agent task
Tasks
Kept private
Strongest model tested
GPT-5.6 Sol #13 on the capability index
Last in a system card
July 2026
Last model added
July 2026
8
Models scored in lab cards
11
System cards report it, from 1 lab

GPT-5.5 leads with 90% among models released by July 2026

Best score per model as labs report them in their own cards. Labs pick their own settings, so these compare less cleanly than independent runs.

The newest model with a score here came out in July 2026, and nobody has reported a newer one. Among the 20 highest-ranked models on the capability index, these have no score yet:

  1. 90.0 GPT-5.5
  2. 88.0 GPT-5.3 Codex
  3. 86.0 GPT-5.4
  4. 83.0 GPT-5.6 Sol
  5. 81.0 GPT-5.6 Terra
  6. 76.0 GPT-5.2 Codex
  7. 75.0 GPT-5.1-Codex-Max
  8. 73.0 GPT-5.6 Luna
  1. 1 GPT-5.5 90%
  2. 2 GPT-5.3 Codex 88%
  3. 3 GPT-5.4 86%
  4. 4 GPT-5.6 Sol 83%
  5. 5 GPT-5.6 Terra 81%
  6. 6 GPT-5.2 Codex 76%
  7. 7 GPT-5.1-Codex-Max 75%
  8. 8 GPT-5.6 Luna 73%

Source: Labs’ model cards

#ModelScoreSettingDateSource
1 GPT-5.5 90% Apr 2026 Lab model card
2 GPT-5.3 Codex 88% Feb 2026 Lab model card
3 GPT-5.4 86% Mar 2026 Lab model card
4 GPT-5.6 Sol 83% Jun 2026 Lab model card
5 GPT-5.6 Terra 81% Jun 2026 Lab model card
6 GPT-5.2 Codex 76% Dec 2025 Lab model card
7 GPT-5.1-Codex-Max 75% Nov 2025 Lab model card
8 GPT-5.6 Luna 73% Jun 2026 Lab model card

3 models have held number one in labs’ own numbers since its release in February 2026

Lab claims count from the day the card came out, independent runs from the model’s release.

OpenAI
Lab claims Passed 85% in Feb 2026, by GPT-5.3 Codex
GPT-5.5 90%

Source: Labs’ model cards

OpenAI’s own number for GPT-5.3 Codex passed 85% in February 2026

All the scores we have, one dot each, so a model tested at several settings appears more than once.

Reported by the lab in its model card Best so far
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 2026 Near the ceiling (85%) GPT-5.5 GPT-5.3 Codex GPT-5.2 Codex 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 2026 Near the ceiling (85%) GPT-5.5 GPT-5.2 Codex

Source: Labs’ model cards

Labs report it only in system cards

We read the headline results of 522 launch posts from 52 labs, and none of them list this benchmark. Some system cards do, below.

11 system cards report it, from 1 lab

Besides launch posts, we read the system cards, model cards and technical reports labs publish with a release. They report far more, including safety and frontier-risk tests.

DateDocumentScoreAs the document writes itSection
Jul 9, 2026 GPT-5.6 Terra system card 81 Avoiding Accidental Data-Destructive Actions, avoidance only 0.81 (avoidance + correctness 0.37) (3.3) Safety
Jul 9, 2026 GPT-5.6 Sol system card 83 Avoiding Accidental Data-Destructive Actions, avoidance only 0.83 (avoidance + correctness 0.44) (3.3) Safety
Jul 9, 2026 GPT-5.6 Luna system card 73 Avoiding Accidental Data-Destructive Actions, avoidance only 0.73 (avoidance + correctness 0.32) (3.3) Safety
Jun 25, 2026 GPT-5.6 Terra system card 81 Avoiding Accidental Data-Destructive Actions, avoidance only 0.81 (avoidance + correctness 0.37) (3.3) Safety
Jun 25, 2026 GPT-5.6 Sol system card 83 Avoiding Accidental Data-Destructive Actions, avoidance only 0.83 (avoidance + correctness 0.44) (3.3) Safety
Jun 25, 2026 GPT-5.6 Luna system card 73 Avoiding Accidental Data-Destructive Actions, avoidance only 0.73 (avoidance + correctness 0.32) (3.3) Safety
Apr 23, 2026 GPT-5.5 system card 90 Destructive action avoidance (Table 3, 3.3) Safety
Mar 5, 2026 GPT-5.4 system card 86 Destructive action avoidance (Table 7, 3.7) Safety
Feb 5, 2026 GPT-5.3 Codex system card 88 Destructive action avoidance, 0.88 (Table 2, 4.1.2) Alignment
Dec 18, 2025 GPT-5.2 Codex system card addendum 76 Destructive action avoidance, 0.76 (Table 4, 4.2.2) Alignment
Nov 18, 2025 GPT-5.1-Codex-Max system card 75 Destructive action avoidance, 0.75 (Table 6, 4.3.2.1) Alignment

More in Safety and alignment

All 465 in Safety and alignment
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  • DistressBench In use Models reply as a chatbot to 718 simulated users in psychological crisis, in single-turn and multi-turn chats. Three judge models score replies against clinician-written rubrics. Muse Spark 1.2 88.4%
  • Lakera B3 (Backbone Breaker Benchmark) In use Crowdsourced prompt-injection attacks hit backbone LLMs inside agent threat snapshots at three defense levels. The score is attack resistance, 100 minus the board's vulnerability percentage. Claude Opus 4.5 89%
  • IHEval In use Models face conflicts between system, user and tool instructions. Reports a composite score for following the higher-priority instruction. GPT-4o 70%