Image input safety evaluations
GPT-4.5 99%
Only in system cards Models answer harmful prompts that combine text and images in categories such as hate, extremism and self-harm. Scored as safe completion rate.
In-house OpenAI evaluation. Cards report category scores with no overall number.
- Made by
- OpenAI
- Released
- December 2024
- Kind
- Refusing harmful requests
- Level
- Everyday
- Scored
- Graded by a model
- Answers
- Open-ended
- Tasks
- Kept private
- Strongest model tested
- o1 #117 on the capability index
- Last in a system card
- October 2026
- Last model added
- October 2026
2
Models scored in lab cards
31
System cards report it, from 1 lab
GPT-4.5 leads with 99%
Best score per model as labs report them in their own cards. Labs pick their own settings, so these compare less cleanly than independent runs.
Source: Labs’ model cards
OpenAI’s own number for o1 passed 85% in December 2024
All the scores we have, one dot each, so a model tested at several settings appears more than once.
Reported by the lab in its model card
Best so far
Source: Labs’ model cards
Labs report it only in system cards
We read the headline results of 522 launch posts from 52 labs, and none of them list this benchmark. Some system cards do, below.
31 system cards report it, from 1 lab
Besides launch posts, we read the system cards, model cards and technical reports labs publish with a release. They report far more, including safety and frontier-risk tests.
| Date | Document | Score | As the document writes it | Section |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oct 29, 2026 | GPT-6 Luna system card addendum | Image input evaluations, safe completion, 4 categories, no overall score (Table 3) | Safety | |
| Oct 26, 2026 | GPT-6.1 Terra system card addendum | Image input evaluations, safe completion, 4 categories, no overall score (second Table 24, 3.2) | Safety | |
| Oct 7, 2026 | GPT-6 Sol system card addendum | Image input evaluations, safe completion, 4 categories, no overall score (Table 3) | Safety | |
| Oct 7, 2026 | GPT-6 Luna system card addendum | Image input evaluations, safe completion, 4 categories, no overall score (Table 3) | Safety | |
| Sep 29, 2026 | GPT-6.1 Sol system card addendum | Image input evaluations, safe completion, 4 categories, no overall score (Table 4) | Safety | |
| Sep 22, 2026 | GPT-6 Sol system card | Image input evaluations, safe completion, 4 categories, no overall score (Table 26, A.2.2) | Safety | |
| Sep 22, 2026 | GPT-6 Luna system card | Image input evaluations, safe completion, 4 categories, no overall score (Table 26, A.2.2) | Safety | |
| Sep 3, 2026 | GPT-6 Astra system card | Image input evaluations, safe completion, 4 categories, no overall score (Table 4) | Safety | |
| Aug 6, 2026 | GPT-5.6 Sol system card addendum | Image input evaluations, not_unsafe, 4 categories, no overall score (3.3) | Safety | |
| Aug 6, 2026 | GPT-5.6 Luna system card addendum | Image input evaluations, not_unsafe, 4 categories, no overall score (3.3) | Safety | |
| Jul 9, 2026 | GPT-5.6 Terra system card | Image input evaluations, not_unsafe, 4 categories, no overall score (3.2) | Safety | |
| Jul 9, 2026 | GPT-5.6 Sol system card | Image input evaluations, not_unsafe, 4 categories, no overall score (3.2) | Safety | |
| Jul 9, 2026 | GPT-5.6 Luna system card | Image input evaluations, not_unsafe, 4 categories, no overall score (3.2) | Safety | |
| Jun 25, 2026 | GPT-5.6 Terra system card | Image input evaluations, not_unsafe, 4 categories, no overall score (3.2) | Safety | |
| Jun 25, 2026 | GPT-5.6 Sol system card | Image input evaluations, not_unsafe, 4 categories, no overall score (3.2) | Safety | |
| Jun 25, 2026 | GPT-5.6 Luna system card | Image input evaluations, not_unsafe, 4 categories, no overall score (3.2) | Safety | |
| May 4, 2026 | GPT-5.5 Instant system card | Image input evaluations, not_unsafe, 4 categories, no overall score: hate 0.979, extremism 0.969, self-harm 0.982, harms-erotic 0.990 (Table 2) | Safety | |
| Apr 23, 2026 | GPT-5.5 system card | Image input evaluations, not_unsafe, 4 categories, no overall score (Table 2) | Safety | |
| Mar 5, 2026 | GPT-5.4 system card | Image input evaluations, not_unsafe, 6 categories, no overall score (Table 5) | Safety | |
| Dec 11, 2025 | GPT-5.2 system card addendum | Image input evaluations, not_unsafe, gpt-5.2-thinking, 6 categories, no overall score (Table 4) | Safety | |
| Nov 18, 2025 | GPT-5.1-Codex-Max system card | Image input evaluations, not_unsafe, 6 categories, no overall score (Table 3) | Safety | |
| Nov 12, 2025 | GPT-5.1 system card addendum | Image input evaluations, not_unsafe, gpt-5.1-thinking, 6 categories, no overall score (Table 3) | Safety | |
| Oct 27, 2025 | GPT-5 system card addendum | Image input evaluations, not_unsafe, 6 categories, no overall score (Table 3) | Safety | |
| Aug 7, 2025 | GPT-5 system card | Image input evaluations, not_unsafe, 6 categories, no overall score (Table 10) | Safety | |
| Aug 7, 2025 | GPT-5 nano system card | Image input, gpt-5-thinking-nano, 6 categories, no overall score (Table 26) | Safety | |
| Aug 7, 2025 | GPT-5 mini system card | Image input, gpt-5-thinking-mini, 6 categories, no overall score (Table 26) | Safety | |
| Jul 17, 2025 | ChatGPT agent system card | Image input evaluations, not_unsafe, 6 categories, no overall score (Table 5) | Safety | |
| Apr 16, 2025 | o4-mini system card | Multimodal refusal evaluations, vision sexual and self-harm rows, not_unsafe, no overall score (Table 5) | Safety | |
| Apr 16, 2025 | o3 system card | Multimodal refusal evaluations, vision sexual and self-harm rows, not_unsafe, no overall score (Table 5) | Safety | |
| Feb 27, 2025 | GPT-4.5 system card | 99 | Multimodal Refusal Evaluation, text and image input, not_unsafe, not_overrefuse 0.31 (Table 2) | Safety |
| Dec 5, 2024 | o1 system card | 96.1 | Multimodal Refusal Evaluation - Text and Image Input, not_unsafe overall sample weighted (Table 22, not_overrefuse 0.96 in Table 2) | Safety |
More in Safety and alignment
- FORTRESS In use Paired adversarial and benign national-security misuse prompts. Rubric-graded risk score on adversarial and over-refusal score on benign prompts. Claude Opus 5.5 5.78%
- StrongREJECT In use Forbidden-prompt jailbreak benchmark with a rubric grader that scores how useful a non-refusal actually is.
Inkling 98.6% - Gray Swan IPI Arena benchmark In use Indirect prompt-injection attacks from public red-teaming competitions replayed on tool, coding and browser agents. Attack success rate at k attempts.
Gemini 4 Carbon 0% - DistressBench In use Models reply as a chatbot to 718 simulated users in psychological crisis, in single-turn and multi-turn chats. Three judge models score replies against clinician-written rubrics.
Muse Spark 1.2 88.4% - Lakera B3 (Backbone Breaker Benchmark) In use Crowdsourced prompt-injection attacks hit backbone LLMs inside agent threat snapshots at three defense levels. The score is attack resistance, 100 minus the board's vulnerability percentage. Claude Opus 4.5 89%
- IHEval In use Models face conflicts between system, user and tool instructions. Reports a composite score for following the higher-priority instruction. GPT-4o 70%