MTVQA-Test
Models answer 6,778 expert-written questions about text in 2,116 images across 9 languages, such as Arabic, Japanese, and Thai. Scoring is accuracy.
Humans score 79.7 in the paper, far above the models tested at release.
- Made by
- ByteDance
- Released
- May 2024
- Kind
- Documents, charts and text in images
- Level
- Everyday
- Scored
- Checked automatically
- Answers
- Short answer
- Tasks
- All public
- Strongest model tested
-
Qwen 3.8 Max #29 on the capability index
- Last in a launch post
- August 2026, dropped before it saturated
- Last model added
- August 2026
- Scores refreshed
- November 12th, 2026
In the authors’ words
Text-Centric Visual Question Answering (TEC-VQA) in its proper format not only facilitates human-machine interaction in text-centric visual environments but also serves as a de facto gold proxy to evaluate AI models in the domain of text-centric scene understanding. Nonetheless, most existing TEC-VQA benchmarks have focused on high-resource languages like English and Chinese. Despite pioneering works to expand multilingual QA pairs in non-text-centric VQA datasets through translation engines, the translation-based protocol encounters a substantial "visual-textual misalignment" problem when applied to TEC-VQA. Specifically, it prioritizes the text in question-answer pairs while disregarding the visual text present in images. Moreover, it fails to address complexities related to nuanced meaning, contextual distortion, language bias, and question-type diversity. In this work, we tackle multilingual TEC-VQA by introducing MTVQA, the first benchmark featuring high-quality human expert annotations across 9 diverse languages, consisting of 6,778 question-answer pairs across 2,116 images. Further, by comprehensively evaluating numerous state-of-the-art Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), including Qwen2-VL, GPT-4o, GPT-4V, Claude3, and Gemini, on the MTVQA benchmark, it is evident that there is still a large room for performance improvement (Qwen2-VL scoring 30.9 versus 79.7 for human performance), underscoring the value of MTVQA. Additionally, we supply multilingual training data within the MTVQA dataset, demonstrating that straightforward fine-tuning with this data can substantially enhance multilingual TEC-VQA performance. We aspire that MTVQA will offer the research community fresh insights and stimulate further exploration in multilingual visual text comprehension. The project homepage is available at https://bytedance.github.io/MTVQA/.
Qwen 3.8 Max leads with 56.6% among models released by August 2026
Best score per model as labs report them in their own cards. Labs pick their own settings, so these compare less cleanly than independent runs.
InternVL2_5-78B leads with 31.9% across all independent runs
Best score per model across the official leaderboard, Epoch AI’s own runs and any board Epoch AI copied. Each bar and row names its source.
Qwen 3.8 Max leads with 56.6%, claims included
Best score per model from every source, including labs’ own numbers and claims Epoch AI collected from reports and papers. Labs pick their own settings, so a claim can beat an independent run of the same model.
The newest model with a score here came out in August 2026, and nobody has reported a newer one. Among the 20 highest-ranked models on the capability index, these have no score yet:
- Claude Fable 5.2
-
Gemini 4 Carbon
- GPT-6 Astra
- Claude Opus 5.5
- and 16 more
- 1
Qwen 3.8 Max 56.6%
- 2
Seed2.0 Pro 51.1%
- 3
InternVL3.5-241B-A28B 39.3%
- 4
Qwen2.5-VL-72B 31.7%
- 5
Nemotron Nano 12B v2 VL 24.3%
- 6
Aya Vision 32B 23.5%
Source: Labs’ model cards
- 31.9
InternVL2_5-78B
- 30.9 Qwen2-VL-72B-Instruct
- 27.8 GPT-4o
- 25.7 Claude 3 Opus
- 25.6 Qwen2-VL-7B-Instruct
- 25.5 GPT-4o mini
- 23.2
Gemini 1.0 Ultra
- 22.0 GPT-4V
- 22.0
InternVL2-Llama3-76B
- 21.1 Qwen-VL-Max
- 21.1 Claude 3 Sonnet
- 17.8
Qwen-VL-Plus
- 17.3
MiniCPM-Llama3-V 2.5
- 14.9 InternVL-Chat-V1-5
- 11.2
InternLM-XComposer2-4KHD-7B
- 11.1
LLaVA-v1.6-34B
- 7.40
MiniCPM-V 2.0
- 6.80
Yi-VL-34B
- 1
InternVL2_5-78B 31.9%
- 2 Qwen2-VL-72B-Instruct 30.9%
- 3 GPT-4o May 2024 27.8%
- 4 Claude 3 Opus 25.7%
- 5 Qwen2-VL-7B-Instruct 25.6%
- 6 GPT-4o mini 25.5%
- 7
Gemini 1.0 Ultra 23.2%
- 8 GPT-4V 22%
- 9
InternVL2-Llama3-76B 22%
- 10 Qwen-VL-Max 21.1%
- 11 Claude 3 Sonnet 21.1%
- 12
Qwen-VL-Plus 17.8%
- 13
MiniCPM-Llama3-V 2.5 17.3%
- 14 InternVL-Chat-V1-5 14.9%
- 15
InternLM-XComposer2-4KHD-7B 11.2%
- 16
LLaVA-v1.6-34B 11.1%
- 17
MiniCPM-V 2.0 7.40%
- 18
Yi-VL-34B 6.80%
Source: Official MTVQA-Test leaderboard
- 56.6
Qwen 3.8 Max
- 51.1
Seed2.0 Pro
- 39.3
InternVL3.5-241B-A28B
- 31.9
InternVL2_5-78B
- 31.7
Qwen2.5-VL-72B
- 30.9 Qwen2-VL-72B-Instruct
- 27.8 GPT-4o
- 25.7 Claude 3 Opus
- 25.6 Qwen2-VL-7B-Instruct
- 25.5 GPT-4o mini
- 24.3
Nemotron Nano 12B v2 VL
- 23.5
Aya Vision 32B
- 23.2
Gemini 1.0 Ultra
- 22.0 GPT-4V
- 22.0
InternVL2-Llama3-76B
- 21.1 Qwen-VL-Max
- 21.1 Claude 3 Sonnet
- 17.8
Qwen-VL-Plus
- 17.3
MiniCPM-Llama3-V 2.5
- 14.9 InternVL-Chat-V1-5
- 11.2
InternLM-XComposer2-4KHD-7B
- 11.1
LLaVA-v1.6-34B
- 7.40
MiniCPM-V 2.0
- 6.80
Yi-VL-34B
- 1
Qwen 3.8 Max 56.6%
- 2
Seed2.0 Pro 51.1%
- 3
InternVL3.5-241B-A28B 39.3%
- 4
InternVL2_5-78B 31.9%
- 5
Qwen2.5-VL-72B 31.7%
- 6 Qwen2-VL-72B-Instruct 30.9%
- 7 GPT-4o May 2024 27.8%
- 8 Claude 3 Opus 25.7%
- 9 Qwen2-VL-7B-Instruct 25.6%
- 10 GPT-4o mini 25.5%
- 11
Nemotron Nano 12B v2 VL 24.3%
- 12
Aya Vision 32B 23.5%
- 13
Gemini 1.0 Ultra 23.2%
- 14 GPT-4V 22%
- 15
InternVL2-Llama3-76B 22%
- 16 Qwen-VL-Max 21.1%
- 17 Claude 3 Sonnet 21.1%
- 18
Qwen-VL-Plus 17.8%
- 19
MiniCPM-Llama3-V 2.5 17.3%
- 20 InternVL-Chat-V1-5 14.9%
- 21
InternLM-XComposer2-4KHD-7B 11.2%
- 22
LLaVA-v1.6-34B 11.1%
- 23
MiniCPM-V 2.0 7.40%
- 24
Yi-VL-34B 6.80%
Sources: Labs’ model cards and official MTVQA-Test leaderboard
| # | Model | Score | Setting | Date | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | | 56.6% | Aug 2026 | Lab model card | |
| 2 | | 51.1% | Feb 2026 | Lab model card | |
| 3 | | 39.3% | Aug 2025 | Lab model card | |
| 4 | | 31.7% | Feb 2025 | Lab model card | |
| 5 | | 24.3% | Nov 2025 | Lab model card | |
| 6 | | 23.5% | May 2025 | Lab model card |
| # | Model | Score | Setting | Date | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | | 31.9% | Dec 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 2 | Qwen2-VL-72B-Instruct | 30.9% | Aug 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 3 | GPT-4o May 2024 | 27.8% | May 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 4 | Claude 3 Opus | 25.7% | Feb 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 5 | Qwen2-VL-7B-Instruct | 25.6% | Aug 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 6 | GPT-4o mini | 25.5% | Jul 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 7 | | 23.2% | Dec 2023 | Official leaderboard | |
| 8 | GPT-4V | 22% | Nov 2023 | Official leaderboard | |
| 9 | | 22% | Jul 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 10 | Qwen-VL-Max | 21.1% | Jan 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 11 | Claude 3 Sonnet | 21.1% | Feb 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 12 | | 17.8% | Jan 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 13 | | 17.3% | May 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 14 | InternVL-Chat-V1-5 | 14.9% | Apr 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 15 | | 11.2% | Apr 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 16 | | 11.1% | Jan 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 17 | | 7.40% | Apr 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 18 | | 6.80% | Dec 2023 | Official leaderboard |
| # | Model | Score | Setting | Date | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | | 56.6% | Aug 2026 | Lab model card | |
| 2 | | 51.1% | Feb 2026 | Lab model card | |
| 3 | | 39.3% | Aug 2025 | Lab model card | |
| 4 | | 31.9% | Dec 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 5 | | 31.7% | Feb 2025 | Lab model card | |
| 6 | Qwen2-VL-72B-Instruct | 30.9% | Aug 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 7 | GPT-4o May 2024 | 27.8% | May 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 8 | Claude 3 Opus | 25.7% | Feb 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 9 | Qwen2-VL-7B-Instruct | 25.6% | Aug 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 10 | GPT-4o mini | 25.5% | Jul 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 11 | | 24.3% | Nov 2025 | Lab model card | |
| 12 | | 23.5% | May 2025 | Lab model card | |
| 13 | | 23.2% | Dec 2023 | Official leaderboard | |
| 14 | GPT-4V | 22% | Nov 2023 | Official leaderboard | |
| 15 | | 22% | Jul 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 16 | Qwen-VL-Max | 21.1% | Jan 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 17 | Claude 3 Sonnet | 21.1% | Feb 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 18 | | 17.8% | Jan 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 19 | | 17.3% | May 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 20 | InternVL-Chat-V1-5 | 14.9% | Apr 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 21 | | 11.2% | Apr 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 22 | | 11.1% | Jan 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 23 | | 7.40% | Apr 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 24 | | 6.80% | Dec 2023 | Official leaderboard |
The benchmark's own leaderboard has 26 entries, 18 of them models we track. Switch the scores above to rank them together.
4 models have held number one in labs’ own numbers since its release in May 2024 4 models have held number one across all independent runs since its release in May 2024 7 models have held number one with claims included since its release in May 2024
Lab claims count from the day the card came out, independent runs from the model’s release. We draw one row each for the benchmark’s own leaderboard and what labs claim in their cards.
Sources: Official MTVQA-Test leaderboard and labs’ model cards
Scores over time
All the scores we have, one dot each, so a model tested at several settings appears more than once.
Sources: Official MTVQA-Test leaderboard and labs’ model cards
Labs headline it less often now, last in August 2026
Launch posts from every lab that has listed it, one tick per post. Tall colored ticks include it, and short gray ones leave it out.
| Date | Launch post | Score | As the post writes it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Aug 3, 2026 | 56.6 | MTVQA-Test | |
| Aug 25, 2025 | 39.3 | MTVQA |
5 system cards report it, from 5 labs
Besides launch posts, we read the system cards, model cards and technical reports labs publish with a release. They report far more, including safety and frontier-risk tests.
| Date | Document | Score | As the document writes it | Section |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Feb 14, 2026 | | 51.1 | MTVQA, DeepSeek-V3-0324 judge (Table 8) | Capabilities |
| Nov 6, 2025 | | 24.3 | MTVQA Avg, reasoning off (Table 5) | Capabilities |
| Aug 25, 2025 | | 39.3 | MTVQA (avg) (Table 2, Table 8) | Capabilities |
| May 13, 2025 | | 23.5 | MTVQA, VQA score, Aya Vision languages (Table 4) | Capabilities |
| Feb 19, 2025 | | 31.7 | MTVQA (Table 3) | Capabilities |
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