Benchmark Almanac

MTVQA-Test

Qwen 3.8 Max 56.6% leads since August 2026
InternVL2_5-78B 31.9% leads since December 2024
Qwen 3.8 Max 56.6% leads since August 2026
Fading

Models answer 6,778 expert-written questions about text in 2,116 images across 9 languages, such as Arabic, Japanese, and Thai. Scoring is accuracy.

Humans score 79.7 in the paper, far above the models tested at release.

Made by
ByteDance
Released
May 2024
Kind
Documents, charts and text in images
Level
Everyday
Scored
Checked automatically
Answers
Short answer
Tasks
All public
Strongest model tested
Qwen 3.8 Max #29 on the capability index
Last in a launch post
August 2026, dropped before it saturated
Last model added
August 2026
Scores refreshed
November 12th, 2026

In the authors’ words

Text-Centric Visual Question Answering (TEC-VQA) in its proper format not only facilitates human-machine interaction in text-centric visual environments but also serves as a de facto gold proxy to evaluate AI models in the domain of text-centric scene understanding. Nonetheless, most existing TEC-VQA benchmarks have focused on high-resource languages like English and Chinese. Despite pioneering works to expand multilingual QA pairs in non-text-centric VQA datasets through translation engines, the translation-based protocol encounters a substantial "visual-textual misalignment" problem when applied to TEC-VQA. Specifically, it prioritizes the text in question-answer pairs while disregarding the visual text present in images. Moreover, it fails to address complexities related to nuanced meaning, contextual distortion, language bias, and question-type diversity. In this work, we tackle multilingual TEC-VQA by introducing MTVQA, the first benchmark featuring high-quality human expert annotations across 9 diverse languages, consisting of 6,778 question-answer pairs across 2,116 images. Further, by comprehensively evaluating numerous state-of-the-art Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), including Qwen2-VL, GPT-4o, GPT-4V, Claude3, and Gemini, on the MTVQA benchmark, it is evident that there is still a large room for performance improvement (Qwen2-VL scoring 30.9 versus 79.7 for human performance), underscoring the value of MTVQA. Additionally, we supply multilingual training data within the MTVQA dataset, demonstrating that straightforward fine-tuning with this data can substantially enhance multilingual TEC-VQA performance. We aspire that MTVQA will offer the research community fresh insights and stimulate further exploration in multilingual visual text comprehension. The project homepage is available at https://bytedance.github.io/MTVQA/.

Abstract of MTVQA: Benchmarking Multilingual Text-Centric Visual Question Answering (arXiv:2405.11985, CC0)
6
Models scored in lab cards
2
Launch posts list it, from 2 labs
5
System cards report it, from 5 labs

Qwen 3.8 Max leads with 56.6% among models released by August 2026

Best score per model as labs report them in their own cards. Labs pick their own settings, so these compare less cleanly than independent runs.

InternVL2_5-78B leads with 31.9% across all independent runs

Best score per model across the official leaderboard, Epoch AI’s own runs and any board Epoch AI copied. Each bar and row names its source.

Qwen 3.8 Max leads with 56.6%, claims included

Best score per model from every source, including labs’ own numbers and claims Epoch AI collected from reports and papers. Labs pick their own settings, so a claim can beat an independent run of the same model.

The newest model with a score here came out in August 2026, and nobody has reported a newer one. Among the 20 highest-ranked models on the capability index, these have no score yet:

  1. 1 Qwen 3.8 Max 56.6%
  2. 2 Seed2.0 Pro 51.1%
  3. 3 InternVL3.5-241B-A28B 39.3%
  4. 4 Qwen2.5-VL-72B 31.7%
  5. 5 Nemotron Nano 12B v2 VL 24.3%
  6. 6 Aya Vision 32B 23.5%

Source: Labs’ model cards

#ModelScoreSettingDateSource
1 Qwen 3.8 Max 56.6% Aug 2026 Lab model card
2 Seed2.0 Pro 51.1% Feb 2026 Lab model card
3 InternVL3.5-241B-A28B 39.3% Aug 2025 Lab model card
4 Qwen2.5-VL-72B 31.7% Feb 2025 Lab model card
5 Nemotron Nano 12B v2 VL 24.3% Nov 2025 Lab model card
6 Aya Vision 32B 23.5% May 2025 Lab model card
#ModelScoreSettingDateSource
1 InternVL2_5-78B 31.9% Dec 2024 Official leaderboard
2 Qwen2-VL-72B-Instruct 30.9% Aug 2024 Official leaderboard
3 GPT-4o May 2024 27.8% May 2024 Official leaderboard
4 Claude 3 Opus 25.7% Feb 2024 Official leaderboard
5 Qwen2-VL-7B-Instruct 25.6% Aug 2024 Official leaderboard
6 GPT-4o mini 25.5% Jul 2024 Official leaderboard
7 Gemini 1.0 Ultra 23.2% Dec 2023 Official leaderboard
8 GPT-4V 22% Nov 2023 Official leaderboard
9 InternVL2-Llama3-76B 22% Jul 2024 Official leaderboard
10 Qwen-VL-Max 21.1% Jan 2024 Official leaderboard
11 Claude 3 Sonnet 21.1% Feb 2024 Official leaderboard
12 Qwen-VL-Plus 17.8% Jan 2024 Official leaderboard
13 MiniCPM-Llama3-V 2.5 17.3% May 2024 Official leaderboard
14 InternVL-Chat-V1-5 14.9% Apr 2024 Official leaderboard
15 InternLM-XComposer2-4KHD-7B 11.2% Apr 2024 Official leaderboard
16 LLaVA-v1.6-34B 11.1% Jan 2024 Official leaderboard
17 MiniCPM-V 2.0 7.40% Apr 2024 Official leaderboard
18 Yi-VL-34B 6.80% Dec 2023 Official leaderboard
#ModelScoreSettingDateSource
1 Qwen 3.8 Max 56.6% Aug 2026 Lab model card
2 Seed2.0 Pro 51.1% Feb 2026 Lab model card
3 InternVL3.5-241B-A28B 39.3% Aug 2025 Lab model card
4 InternVL2_5-78B 31.9% Dec 2024 Official leaderboard
5 Qwen2.5-VL-72B 31.7% Feb 2025 Lab model card
6 Qwen2-VL-72B-Instruct 30.9% Aug 2024 Official leaderboard
7 GPT-4o May 2024 27.8% May 2024 Official leaderboard
8 Claude 3 Opus 25.7% Feb 2024 Official leaderboard
9 Qwen2-VL-7B-Instruct 25.6% Aug 2024 Official leaderboard
10 GPT-4o mini 25.5% Jul 2024 Official leaderboard
11 Nemotron Nano 12B v2 VL 24.3% Nov 2025 Lab model card
12 Aya Vision 32B 23.5% May 2025 Lab model card
13 Gemini 1.0 Ultra 23.2% Dec 2023 Official leaderboard
14 GPT-4V 22% Nov 2023 Official leaderboard
15 InternVL2-Llama3-76B 22% Jul 2024 Official leaderboard
16 Qwen-VL-Max 21.1% Jan 2024 Official leaderboard
17 Claude 3 Sonnet 21.1% Feb 2024 Official leaderboard
18 Qwen-VL-Plus 17.8% Jan 2024 Official leaderboard
19 MiniCPM-Llama3-V 2.5 17.3% May 2024 Official leaderboard
20 InternVL-Chat-V1-5 14.9% Apr 2024 Official leaderboard
21 InternLM-XComposer2-4KHD-7B 11.2% Apr 2024 Official leaderboard
22 LLaVA-v1.6-34B 11.1% Jan 2024 Official leaderboard
23 MiniCPM-V 2.0 7.40% Apr 2024 Official leaderboard
24 Yi-VL-34B 6.80% Dec 2023 Official leaderboard

The benchmark's own leaderboard has 26 entries, 18 of them models we track. Switch the scores above to rank them together.

4 models have held number one in labs’ own numbers since its release in May 2024 4 models have held number one across all independent runs since its release in May 2024 7 models have held number one with claims included since its release in May 2024

Lab claims count from the day the card came out, independent runs from the model’s release. We draw one row each for the benchmark’s own leaderboard and what labs claim in their cards.

Anthropic OpenAI Other labs Shanghai AI Lab Qwen ByteDance Seed
Own leaderboard Not tested since Dec 2024
Lab claims Not tested since Aug 2026
Qwen 3.8 Max 56.6%

Sources: Official MTVQA-Test leaderboard and labs’ model cards

Scores over time

All the scores we have, one dot each, so a model tested at several settings appears more than once.

On the benchmark’s own leaderboard Reported by the lab in its model card Best so far
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 2024 2025 2026 Near the ceiling (85%) Qwen 3.8 Max Seed2.0 Pro InternVL3.5-241B-A28B InternVL2_5-78B GPT-4o Gemini 1.0 Ultra 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 2024 2025 2026 Near the ceiling (85%) Qwen 3.8 Max InternVL3.5-241B-A28B

Sources: Official MTVQA-Test leaderboard and labs’ model cards

Labs headline it less often now, last in August 2026

Launch posts from every lab that has listed it, one tick per post. Tall colored ticks include it, and short gray ones leave it out.

Shanghai AI Lab
Qwen
DateLaunch postScoreAs the post writes it
Aug 3, 2026 Qwen 3.8 Max 56.6 MTVQA-Test
Aug 25, 2025 InternVL3.5-241B-A28B 39.3 MTVQA

5 system cards report it, from 5 labs

Besides launch posts, we read the system cards, model cards and technical reports labs publish with a release. They report far more, including safety and frontier-risk tests.

DateDocumentScoreAs the document writes itSection
Feb 14, 2026 Seed2.0 Pro model card 51.1 MTVQA, DeepSeek-V3-0324 judge (Table 8) Capabilities
Nov 6, 2025 Nemotron Nano 12B v2 VL technical report 24.3 MTVQA Avg, reasoning off (Table 5) Capabilities
Aug 25, 2025 InternVL3.5-241B-A28B technical report 39.3 MTVQA (avg) (Table 2, Table 8) Capabilities
May 13, 2025 Aya Vision 32B technical report 23.5 MTVQA, VQA score, Aya Vision languages (Table 4) Capabilities
Feb 19, 2025 Qwen2.5-VL-72B technical report 31.7 MTVQA (Table 3) Capabilities

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