Benchmark Almanac

Anthropic Red Team

Claude 3 Haiku 99.96% leads since March 2024
Claude 3 Haiku 99.96% leads since March 2024
Only in system cards

Models answer human red-team attack prompts collected by Anthropic on discrimination, hate, violence and unethical behavior. Judges score response safety.

HELM Safety uses a sample of the released red-team attempts.

Released
August 2022
Kind
Refusing harmful requests
Level
Everyday
Scored
Graded by a model
Answers
Open-ended
Tasks
All public
Strongest model tested
Gemini 3 Pro #55 on the capability index
Last in a system card
January 2025
Last model added
November 2025
Scores refreshed
November 12th, 2026

In the authors’ words

We describe our early efforts to red team language models in order to simultaneously discover, measure, and attempt to reduce their potentially harmful outputs. We make three main contributions. First, we investigate scaling behaviors for red teaming across 3 model sizes (2.7B, 13B, and 52B parameters) and 4 model types: a plain language model (LM); an LM prompted to be helpful, honest, and harmless; an LM with rejection sampling; and a model trained to be helpful and harmless using reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF). We find that the RLHF models are increasingly difficult to red team as they scale, and we find a flat trend with scale for the other model types. Second, we release our dataset of 38,961 red team attacks for others to analyze and learn from. We provide our own analysis of the data and find a variety of harmful outputs, which range from offensive language to more subtly harmful non-violent unethical outputs. Third, we exhaustively describe our instructions, processes, statistical methodologies, and uncertainty about red teaming. We hope that this transparency accelerates our ability to work together as a community in order to develop shared norms, practices, and technical standards for how to red team language models.

Abstract of Red Teaming Language Models to Reduce Harms: Methods, Scaling Behaviors, and Lessons Learned (arXiv:2209.07858, CC0)
81
Entries on Stanford HELM’s leaderboard, 75 models we track
1
System card reports it, from 1 lab

Claude 3 Haiku leads with 99.96% among models released by November 2025

Best score per entry from Stanford HELM’s leaderboard, read on November 12th, 2026. Where a model ran with several settings or harnesses, we keep its best. Every run is in the next chart. Names in gray aren't in our model list: fine-tunes, agent systems, products and older models. They don't count toward leaders.

Claude 3 Haiku leads with 99.96%, claims included

Best score per model from every source, including labs’ own numbers and claims Epoch AI collected from reports and papers. Labs pick their own settings, so a claim can beat an independent run of the same model.

The newest model with a score here came out in November 2025, and nobody has tested a newer one. Among the 20 highest-ranked models on the capability index, these have no score yet:

81 entries. Scroll sideways for the rest.

  1. 99.96 Claude 3 Haiku
  2. 99.9 Gemini 1.5 Flash
  3. 99.9 Gemini 1.5 Pro
  4. 99.9 Qwen3-Next-80B-A3B
  5. 99.9 Qwen3-235B-A22B-Instruct
  6. 99.8 Granite 4.0 H Small
  7. 99.8 Claude 3 Sonnet
  8. 99.8 Claude 3 Opus
  9. 99.8 Claude 3.5 Sonnet
  10. 99.7 GPT-4 Turbo
  11. 99.7 Claude 3.7 Sonnet
  12. 99.7 gpt-oss-20b
  13. 99.6 granite-4.0-micro
  14. 99.6 GPT-4.1 nano
  15. 99.6 GPT-3.5 Turbo
  16. 99.6 Qwen2.5-72B
  17. 99.5 GPT-5 nano
  18. 99.5 palmyra-fin
  19. 99.5 Grok-3 mini
  20. 99.5 GPT-5.1
  21. 99.5 Gemini 2.5 Pro
  22. 99.5 gpt-oss-120b
  23. 99.4 DeepSeek LLM 67B
  24. 99.4 Gemini 2.0 Flash
  25. 99.4 GPT-4.5
  26. 99.3 Gemini 2.0 Flash-Lite
  27. 99.3 OLMo 2 32B Instruct
  28. 99.3 GPT-4.1 mini
  29. 99.3 GPT-4.1
  30. 99.3 Palmyra X5
  31. 99.3 Kimi K2
  32. 99.2 Claude Sonnet 4
  33. 99.1 GPT-4o
  34. 99.1 Granite 3.3 8B Instruct
  35. 99.1 GPT-5 mini
  36. 99.1 Qwen2-72B
  37. 99.1 GPT-5
  38. 99.1 DeepSeek-R1
  39. 99.0 Qwen3-235B-A22B
  40. 99.0 GLM-4.5-Air
  41. 99.0 Qwen1.5-72B
  42. 98.9 Claude Opus 4
  43. 98.8 Llama 3-8B
  44. 98.8 Gemini 2.5 Flash
  45. 98.7 Gemini 2.0 Pro
  46. 98.7 Gemini 2.5 Flash-Lite
  47. 98.6 o3-mini
  48. 98.6 Palmyra X4
  49. 98.5 Qwen2.5-7B
  50. 98.3 GPT-4o mini
  51. 98.3 o1
  52. 98.3 o1-mini
  53. 98.3 o3
  54. 98.2 o4-mini
  55. 98.2 Claude Sonnet 4.5
  56. 98.2 Llama 4 Maverick
  57. 98.0 Command R+
  58. 98.0 GPT-3.5 Turbo
  59. 97.8 palmyra-med
  60. 97.1 DeepSeek-V3
  61. 97.0 Gemini 3 Pro
  62. 97.0 marin-8b-instruct
  63. 96.9 Claude Haiku 4.5
  64. 96.8 Llama 3.1-8B
  65. 96.7 GPT-3.5 Turbo
  66. 96.7 Llama 3-70B
  67. 96.5 Llama 4 Scout
  68. 96.5 Llama 3.1-405B
  69. 96.4 Mistral Small 3
  70. 96.2 Mixtral 8x22B
  71. 95.7 Grok 4
  72. 95.5 Grok 3
  73. 93.7 Command R (03-2024)
  74. 93.2 Llama 3.1-70B
  75. 92.8 Mixtral 8x7B
  76. 90.7 olmo-2-1124-13b-instruct
  77. 90.1 Mistral 7B v0.3
  78. 88.9 olmoe-1b-7b-0125-instruct
  79. 88.0 olmo-2-1124-7b-instruct
  80. 76.6 DBRX
  81. 71.0 Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.1
  1. 1 Claude 3 Haiku 99.96%
  2. 2 Gemini 1.5 Flash May 2024 99.9%
  3. 3 Gemini 1.5 Pro May 2024 99.9%
  4. 4 Qwen3-Next-80B-A3B thinking 99.9%
  5. 5 Qwen3-235B-A22B-Instruct Jul 2025 99.9%
  6. 6 Granite 4.0 H Small with guardian 99.8%
  7. 7 Claude 3 Sonnet 99.8%
  8. 8 Claude 3 Opus 99.8%
  9. 9 Claude 3.5 Sonnet 99.8%
  10. 10 GPT-4 Turbo Apr 2024 99.7%
  11. 11 Claude 3.7 Sonnet 99.7%
  12. 12 gpt-oss-20b 99.7%
  13. 13 granite-4.0-micro with guardian 99.6%
  14. 14 GPT-4.1 nano 99.6%
  15. 15 GPT-3.5 Turbo Jun 2023 99.6%
  16. 16 Qwen2.5-72B 99.6%
  17. 17 GPT-5 nano 99.5%
  18. 18 palmyra-fin 99.5%
  19. 19 Grok-3 mini 99.5%
  20. 20 GPT-5.1 99.5%
  21. 21 Gemini 2.5 Pro Jun 2025 99.5%
  22. 22 gpt-oss-120b 99.5%
  23. 23 DeepSeek LLM 67B 99.4%
  24. 24 Gemini 2.0 Flash Feb 2025 99.4%
  25. 25 GPT-4.5 99.4%
  26. 26 Gemini 2.0 Flash-Lite 99.3%
  27. 27 OLMo 2 32B Instruct 99.3%
  28. 28 GPT-4.1 mini 99.3%
  29. 29 GPT-4.1 99.3%
  30. 30 Palmyra X5 99.3%
  31. 31 Kimi K2 Jul 2025 99.3%
  32. 32 Claude Sonnet 4 thinking 10k 99.2%
  33. 33 GPT-4o May 2024 99.1%
  34. 34 Granite 3.3 8B Instruct 99.1%
  35. 35 GPT-5 mini 99.1%
  36. 36 Qwen2-72B 99.1%
  37. 37 GPT-5 99.1%
  38. 38 DeepSeek-R1 May 2025 99.1%
  39. 39 Qwen3-235B-A22B 99%
  40. 40 GLM-4.5-Air 99%
  41. 41 Qwen1.5-72B 99%
  42. 42 Claude Opus 4 98.9%
  43. 43 Llama 3-8B 98.8%
  44. 44 Gemini 2.5 Flash Sep 2025 98.8%
  45. 45 Gemini 2.0 Pro 98.7%
  46. 46 Gemini 2.5 Flash-Lite Sep 2025 98.7%
  47. 47 o3-mini 98.6%
  48. 48 Palmyra X4 98.6%
  49. 49 Qwen2.5-7B 98.5%
  50. 50 GPT-4o mini 98.3%
  51. 51 o1 98.3%
  52. 52 o1-mini 98.3%
  53. 53 o3 98.3%
  54. 54 o4-mini 98.2%
  55. 55 Claude Sonnet 4.5 98.2%
  56. 56 Llama 4 Maverick 98.2%
  57. 57 Command R+ 98%
  58. 58 GPT-3.5 Turbo Nov 2023 98%
  59. 59 palmyra-med 97.8%
  60. 60 DeepSeek-V3 Mar 2025 97.1%
  61. 61 Gemini 3 Pro 97%
  62. 62 marin-8b-instruct 97%
  63. 63 Claude Haiku 4.5 96.9%
  64. 64 Llama 3.1-8B 96.8%
  65. 65 GPT-3.5 Turbo Jan 2024 96.7%
  66. 66 Llama 3-70B 96.7%
  67. 67 Llama 4 Scout 96.5%
  68. 68 Llama 3.1-405B 96.5%
  69. 69 Mistral Small 3 96.4%
  70. 70 Mixtral 8x22B 96.2%
  71. 71 Grok 4 95.7%
  72. 72 Grok 3 95.5%
  73. 73 Command R (03-2024) 93.7%
  74. 74 Llama 3.1-70B 93.2%
  75. 75 Mixtral 8x7B 92.8%
  76. 76 olmo-2-1124-13b-instruct 90.7%
  77. 77 Mistral 7B v0.3 90.1%
  78. 78 olmoe-1b-7b-0125-instruct 88.9%
  79. 79 olmo-2-1124-7b-instruct 88%
  80. 80 DBRX 76.6%
  81. 81 Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.1 71%

Source: Stanford HELM’s leaderboard

  1. 1 Claude 3 Haiku 99.96%
  2. 2 Gemini 1.5 Flash May 2024 99.9%
  3. 3 Gemini 1.5 Pro May 2024 99.9%
  4. 4 Qwen3-Next-80B-A3B thinking 99.9%
  5. 5 Qwen3-235B-A22B-Instruct Jul 2025 99.9%
  6. 6 Granite 4.0 H Small with guardian 99.8%
  7. 7 Claude 3 Sonnet 99.8%
  8. 8 Claude 3 Opus 99.8%
  9. 9 Claude 3.5 Sonnet 99.8%
  10. 10 GPT-4 Turbo Apr 2024 99.7%
  11. 11 Claude 3.7 Sonnet 99.7%
  12. 12 gpt-oss-20b 99.7%
  13. 13 granite-4.0-micro with guardian 99.6%
  14. 14 GPT-4.1 nano 99.6%
  15. 15 GPT-3.5 Turbo Jun 2023 99.6%
  16. 16 Qwen2.5-72B 99.6%
  17. 17 GPT-5 nano 99.5%
  18. 18 Grok-3 mini 99.5%
  19. 19 GPT-5.1 99.5%
  20. 20 Gemini 2.5 Pro Jun 2025 99.5%
  21. 21 gpt-oss-120b 99.5%
  22. 22 DeepSeek LLM 67B 99.4%
  23. 23 Gemini 2.0 Flash Feb 2025 99.4%
  24. 24 GPT-4.5 99.4%
  25. 25 Gemini 2.0 Flash-Lite 99.3%
  26. 26 OLMo 2 32B Instruct 99.3%
  27. 27 GPT-4.1 mini 99.3%
  28. 28 GPT-4.1 99.3%
  29. 29 Palmyra X5 99.3%
  30. 30 Kimi K2 Jul 2025 99.3%
  31. 31 Claude Sonnet 4 thinking 10k 99.2%
  32. 32 GPT-4o May 2024 99.1%
  33. 33 Granite 3.3 8B Instruct 99.1%
  34. 34 GPT-5 mini 99.1%
  35. 35 Qwen2-72B 99.1%
  36. 36 GPT-5 99.1%
  37. 37 DeepSeek-R1 May 2025 99.1%
  38. 38 Qwen3-235B-A22B 99%
  39. 39 GLM-4.5-Air 99%
  40. 40 Qwen1.5-72B 99%
  41. 41 Claude Opus 4 98.9%
  42. 42 Llama 3-8B 98.8%
  43. 43 Gemini 2.5 Flash Sep 2025 98.8%
  44. 44 Gemini 2.0 Pro 98.7%
  45. 45 Gemini 2.5 Flash-Lite Sep 2025 98.7%
  46. 46 o3-mini 98.6%
  47. 47 Palmyra X4 98.6%
  48. 48 Qwen2.5-7B 98.5%
  49. 49 GPT-4o mini 98.3%
  50. 50 o1 98.3%
  51. 51 o1-mini 98.3%
  52. 52 o3 98.3%
  53. 53 o4-mini 98.2%
  54. 54 Claude Sonnet 4.5 98.2%
  55. 55 Llama 4 Maverick 98.2%
  56. 56 Command R+ 98%
  57. 57 GPT-3.5 Turbo Nov 2023 98%
  58. 58 DeepSeek-V3 Mar 2025 97.1%
  59. 59 Gemini 3 Pro 97%
  60. 60 Claude Haiku 4.5 96.9%
  61. 61 Llama 3.1-8B 96.8%
  62. 62 GPT-3.5 Turbo Jan 2024 96.7%
  63. 63 Llama 3-70B 96.7%
  64. 64 Llama 4 Scout 96.5%
  65. 65 Llama 3.1-405B 96.5%
  66. 66 Mistral Small 3 96.4%
  67. 67 DeepSeek-R1 96.2%
  68. 68 Mixtral 8x22B 96.2%
  69. 69 Grok 4 95.7%
  70. 70 Grok 3 95.5%
  71. 71 Command R (03-2024) 93.7%
  72. 72 Llama 3.1-70B 93.2%
  73. 73 Mixtral 8x7B 92.8%
  74. 74 Mistral 7B v0.3 90.1%
  75. 75 DBRX 76.6%
  76. 76 Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.1 71%

Sources: Stanford HELM’s leaderboard and labs’ model cards

#EntryScoreSettingDateSource
1 Claude 3 Haiku 99.96% Mar 2024 Official leaderboard
2 Gemini 1.5 Flash May 2024 99.9% May 2024 Official leaderboard
3 Gemini 1.5 Pro May 2024 99.9% May 2024 Official leaderboard
4 Qwen3-Next-80B-A3B 99.9% thinking Sep 2025 Official leaderboard
5 Qwen3-235B-A22B-Instruct Jul 2025 99.9% Jul 2025 Official leaderboard
6 Granite 4.0 H Small 99.8% with guardian Oct 2025 Official leaderboard
7 Claude 3 Sonnet 99.8% Feb 2024 Official leaderboard
8 Claude 3 Opus 99.8% Feb 2024 Official leaderboard
9 Claude 3.5 Sonnet 99.8% Jun 2024 Official leaderboard
10 GPT-4 Turbo Apr 2024 99.7% Apr 2024 Official leaderboard
11 Claude 3.7 Sonnet 99.7% Feb 2025 Official leaderboard
12 gpt-oss-20b 99.7% Aug 2025 Official leaderboard
13 granite-4.0-micro 99.6% with guardian Oct 2025 Official leaderboard
14 GPT-4.1 nano 99.6% Apr 2025 Official leaderboard
15 GPT-3.5 Turbo Jun 2023 99.6% Jun 2023 Official leaderboard
16 Qwen2.5-72B 99.6% Sep 2024 Official leaderboard
17 GPT-5 nano 99.5% Aug 2025 Official leaderboard
18 palmyra-fin 99.5% Official leaderboard
19 Grok-3 mini 99.5% Apr 2025 Official leaderboard
20 GPT-5.1 99.5% Nov 2025 Official leaderboard
21 Gemini 2.5 Pro Jun 2025 99.5% Jun 2025 Official leaderboard
22 gpt-oss-120b 99.5% Aug 2025 Official leaderboard
23 DeepSeek LLM 67B 99.4% Nov 2023 Official leaderboard
24 Gemini 2.0 Flash Feb 2025 99.4% Feb 2025 Official leaderboard
25 GPT-4.5 99.4% Feb 2025 Official leaderboard
26 Gemini 2.0 Flash-Lite 99.3% Feb 2025 Official leaderboard
27 OLMo 2 32B Instruct 99.3% Mar 2025 Official leaderboard
28 GPT-4.1 mini 99.3% Apr 2025 Official leaderboard
29 GPT-4.1 99.3% Apr 2025 Official leaderboard
30 Palmyra X5 99.3% Apr 2025 Official leaderboard
31 Kimi K2 Jul 2025 99.3% Jul 2025 Official leaderboard
32 Claude Sonnet 4 99.2% thinking 10k May 2025 Official leaderboard
33 GPT-4o May 2024 99.1% May 2024 Official leaderboard
34 Granite 3.3 8B Instruct 99.1% Apr 2025 Official leaderboard
35 GPT-5 mini 99.1% Aug 2025 Official leaderboard
36 Qwen2-72B 99.1% Jun 2024 Official leaderboard
37 GPT-5 99.1% Aug 2025 Official leaderboard
38 DeepSeek-R1 May 2025 99.1% May 2025 Official leaderboard
39 Qwen3-235B-A22B 99% Apr 2025 Official leaderboard
40 GLM-4.5-Air 99% Jul 2025 Official leaderboard
41 Qwen1.5-72B 99% Feb 2024 Official leaderboard
42 Claude Opus 4 98.9% May 2025 Official leaderboard
43 Llama 3-8B 98.8% Apr 2024 Official leaderboard
44 Gemini 2.5 Flash Sep 2025 98.8% Sep 2025 Official leaderboard
45 Gemini 2.0 Pro 98.7% Feb 2025 Official leaderboard
46 Gemini 2.5 Flash-Lite Sep 2025 98.7% Sep 2025 Official leaderboard
47 o3-mini 98.6% Jan 2025 Official leaderboard
48 Palmyra X4 98.6% Oct 2024 Official leaderboard
49 Qwen2.5-7B 98.5% Sep 2024 Official leaderboard
50 GPT-4o mini 98.3% Jul 2024 Official leaderboard
51 o1 98.3% Dec 2024 Official leaderboard
52 o1-mini 98.3% Sep 2024 Official leaderboard
53 o3 98.3% Apr 2025 Official leaderboard
54 o4-mini 98.2% Apr 2025 Official leaderboard
55 Claude Sonnet 4.5 98.2% Sep 2025 Official leaderboard
56 Llama 4 Maverick 98.2% Apr 2025 Official leaderboard
57 Command R+ 98% Aug 2024 Official leaderboard
58 GPT-3.5 Turbo Nov 2023 98% Nov 2023 Official leaderboard
59 palmyra-med 97.8% Official leaderboard
60 DeepSeek-V3 Mar 2025 97.1% Mar 2025 Official leaderboard
61 Gemini 3 Pro 97% Nov 2025 Official leaderboard
62 marin-8b-instruct 97% Official leaderboard
63 Claude Haiku 4.5 96.9% Oct 2025 Official leaderboard
64 Llama 3.1-8B 96.8% Jul 2024 Official leaderboard
65 GPT-3.5 Turbo Jan 2024 96.7% Jan 2024 Official leaderboard
66 Llama 3-70B 96.7% Apr 2024 Official leaderboard
67 Llama 4 Scout 96.5% Apr 2025 Official leaderboard
68 Llama 3.1-405B 96.5% Jul 2024 Official leaderboard
69 Mistral Small 3 96.4% Jan 2025 Official leaderboard
70 Mixtral 8x22B 96.2% Apr 2024 Official leaderboard
71 Grok 4 95.7% Jul 2025 Official leaderboard
72 Grok 3 95.5% Apr 2025 Official leaderboard
73 Command R (03-2024) 93.7% Mar 2024 Official leaderboard
74 Llama 3.1-70B 93.2% Jul 2024 Official leaderboard
75 Mixtral 8x7B 92.8% Dec 2023 Official leaderboard
76 olmo-2-1124-13b-instruct 90.7% Official leaderboard
77 Mistral 7B v0.3 90.1% Sep 2023 Official leaderboard
78 olmoe-1b-7b-0125-instruct 88.9% Official leaderboard
79 olmo-2-1124-7b-instruct 88% Official leaderboard
80 DBRX 76.6% Mar 2024 Official leaderboard
81 Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.1 71% Sep 2023 Official leaderboard
#ModelScoreSettingDateSource
1 Claude 3 Haiku 99.96% Mar 2024 Official leaderboard
2 Gemini 1.5 Flash May 2024 99.9% May 2024 Official leaderboard
3 Gemini 1.5 Pro May 2024 99.9% May 2024 Official leaderboard
4 Qwen3-Next-80B-A3B 99.9% thinking Sep 2025 Official leaderboard
5 Qwen3-235B-A22B-Instruct Jul 2025 99.9% Jul 2025 Official leaderboard
6 Granite 4.0 H Small 99.8% with guardian Oct 2025 Official leaderboard
7 Claude 3 Sonnet 99.8% Feb 2024 Official leaderboard
8 Claude 3 Opus 99.8% Feb 2024 Official leaderboard
9 Claude 3.5 Sonnet 99.8% Jun 2024 Official leaderboard
10 GPT-4 Turbo Apr 2024 99.7% Apr 2024 Official leaderboard
11 Claude 3.7 Sonnet 99.7% Feb 2025 Official leaderboard
12 gpt-oss-20b 99.7% Aug 2025 Official leaderboard
13 granite-4.0-micro 99.6% with guardian Oct 2025 Official leaderboard
14 GPT-4.1 nano 99.6% Apr 2025 Official leaderboard
15 GPT-3.5 Turbo Jun 2023 99.6% Jun 2023 Official leaderboard
16 Qwen2.5-72B 99.6% Sep 2024 Official leaderboard
17 GPT-5 nano 99.5% Aug 2025 Official leaderboard
18 Grok-3 mini 99.5% Apr 2025 Official leaderboard
19 GPT-5.1 99.5% Nov 2025 Official leaderboard
20 Gemini 2.5 Pro Jun 2025 99.5% Jun 2025 Official leaderboard
21 gpt-oss-120b 99.5% Aug 2025 Official leaderboard
22 DeepSeek LLM 67B 99.4% Nov 2023 Official leaderboard
23 Gemini 2.0 Flash Feb 2025 99.4% Feb 2025 Official leaderboard
24 GPT-4.5 99.4% Feb 2025 Official leaderboard
25 Gemini 2.0 Flash-Lite 99.3% Feb 2025 Official leaderboard
26 OLMo 2 32B Instruct 99.3% Mar 2025 Official leaderboard
27 GPT-4.1 mini 99.3% Apr 2025 Official leaderboard
28 GPT-4.1 99.3% Apr 2025 Official leaderboard
29 Palmyra X5 99.3% Apr 2025 Official leaderboard
30 Kimi K2 Jul 2025 99.3% Jul 2025 Official leaderboard
31 Claude Sonnet 4 99.2% thinking 10k May 2025 Official leaderboard
32 GPT-4o May 2024 99.1% May 2024 Official leaderboard
33 Granite 3.3 8B Instruct 99.1% Apr 2025 Official leaderboard
34 GPT-5 mini 99.1% Aug 2025 Official leaderboard
35 Qwen2-72B 99.1% Jun 2024 Official leaderboard
36 GPT-5 99.1% Aug 2025 Official leaderboard
37 DeepSeek-R1 May 2025 99.1% May 2025 Official leaderboard
38 Qwen3-235B-A22B 99% Apr 2025 Official leaderboard
39 GLM-4.5-Air 99% Jul 2025 Official leaderboard
40 Qwen1.5-72B 99% Feb 2024 Official leaderboard
41 Claude Opus 4 98.9% May 2025 Official leaderboard
42 Llama 3-8B 98.8% Apr 2024 Official leaderboard
43 Gemini 2.5 Flash Sep 2025 98.8% Sep 2025 Official leaderboard
44 Gemini 2.0 Pro 98.7% Feb 2025 Official leaderboard
45 Gemini 2.5 Flash-Lite Sep 2025 98.7% Sep 2025 Official leaderboard
46 o3-mini 98.6% Jan 2025 Official leaderboard
47 Palmyra X4 98.6% Oct 2024 Official leaderboard
48 Qwen2.5-7B 98.5% Sep 2024 Official leaderboard
49 GPT-4o mini 98.3% Jul 2024 Official leaderboard
50 o1 98.3% Dec 2024 Official leaderboard
51 o1-mini 98.3% Sep 2024 Official leaderboard
52 o3 98.3% Apr 2025 Official leaderboard
53 o4-mini 98.2% Apr 2025 Official leaderboard
54 Claude Sonnet 4.5 98.2% Sep 2025 Official leaderboard
55 Llama 4 Maverick 98.2% Apr 2025 Official leaderboard
56 Command R+ 98% Aug 2024 Official leaderboard
57 GPT-3.5 Turbo Nov 2023 98% Nov 2023 Official leaderboard
58 DeepSeek-V3 Mar 2025 97.1% Mar 2025 Official leaderboard
59 Gemini 3 Pro 97% Nov 2025 Official leaderboard
60 Claude Haiku 4.5 96.9% Oct 2025 Official leaderboard
61 Llama 3.1-8B 96.8% Jul 2024 Official leaderboard
62 GPT-3.5 Turbo Jan 2024 96.7% Jan 2024 Official leaderboard
63 Llama 3-70B 96.7% Apr 2024 Official leaderboard
64 Llama 4 Scout 96.5% Apr 2025 Official leaderboard
65 Llama 3.1-405B 96.5% Jul 2024 Official leaderboard
66 Mistral Small 3 96.4% Jan 2025 Official leaderboard
67 DeepSeek-R1 96.2% Jan 2025 Lab model card
68 Mixtral 8x22B 96.2% Apr 2024 Official leaderboard
69 Grok 4 95.7% Jul 2025 Official leaderboard
70 Grok 3 95.5% Apr 2025 Official leaderboard
71 Command R (03-2024) 93.7% Mar 2024 Official leaderboard
72 Llama 3.1-70B 93.2% Jul 2024 Official leaderboard
73 Mixtral 8x7B 92.8% Dec 2023 Official leaderboard
74 Mistral 7B v0.3 90.1% Sep 2023 Official leaderboard
75 DBRX 76.6% Mar 2024 Official leaderboard
76 Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.1 71% Sep 2023 Official leaderboard

Labs report scores for 1 model in their cards. Switch the scores above to rank them together.

Scores at each effort level

Models the leaderboard ran at two or more effort levels. We don’t have enough cost data here to say what the extra effort costs.

Lowest effort to highest, light to dark
Granite 4.0 H Small
with guardi…
99.8%
granite-4.0-micro
with guardi…
99.6%
Claude Sonnet 4
thinking 10k
99.2%
DeepSeek-R1
reasoning h…
99.1%
Claude Opus 4
thinking 10k
98.9%

Source: Stanford HELM’s leaderboard

ModelEffortHarnessScoreCost per taskOutput tokens
Claude 3 Haiku 99.96% 84
Gemini 1.5 Flash May 2024 99.9%
Gemini 1.5 Pro May 2024 99.9%
Qwen3-Next-80B-A3B thinking 99.9%
Qwen3-235B-A22B-Instruct Jul 2025 99.9% 195
Granite 4.0 H Small with guardian 99.8% 80
Claude 3 Sonnet 99.8% 67
Claude 3 Opus 99.8% 113
Claude 3.5 Sonnet 99.8% 93
GPT-4 Turbo Apr 2024 99.7% 148
Claude 3.7 Sonnet 99.7% 118
gpt-oss-20b 99.7% 824
granite-4.0-micro with guardian 99.6% 62
GPT-4.1 nano 99.6% 70
Granite 4.0 H Small 99.6% 143
GPT-3.5 Turbo Jun 2023 99.6% 81
Qwen2.5-72B 99.6% 187
GPT-5 nano 99.5% 281
Grok-3 mini 99.5% 467
GPT-5.1 99.5% 279
Gemini 2.5 Pro Jun 2025 99.5%
gpt-oss-120b 99.5% 352
DeepSeek LLM 67B 99.4% 96
Gemini 2.0 Flash Feb 2025 99.4%
GPT-4.5 99.4% 79
Gemini 2.0 Flash-Lite 99.3%
OLMo 2 32B Instruct 99.3% 174
GPT-4.1 mini 99.3% 84
GPT-4.1 99.3% 121
Palmyra X5 99.3%
Kimi K2 Jul 2025 99.3% 180
Claude Sonnet 4 thinking 10k 99.2% 133
GPT-4o May 2024 99.1% 140
Granite 3.3 8B Instruct 99.1% 103
GPT-5 mini 99.1% 327
Qwen2-72B 99.1% 159
GPT-5 99.1% 232
DeepSeek-R1 May 2025 99.1%
Qwen3-235B-A22B 99% 783
GLM-4.5-Air 99% 1,011
Qwen1.5-72B 99% 161
Claude Opus 4 98.9% 134
Claude Opus 4 thinking 10k 98.9% 135
Llama 3-8B 98.8% 130
Gemini 2.5 Flash Sep 2025 98.8%
Gemini 2.0 Pro 98.7%
Gemini 2.5 Flash-Lite Sep 2025 98.7%
granite-4.0-micro 98.7% 112
o3-mini 98.6% 119
Palmyra X4 98.6% 201
Qwen2.5-7B 98.5% 184
Claude Sonnet 4 98.4% 140
GPT-4o mini 98.3% 102
o1 98.3% 155
o1-mini 98.3% 171
o3 98.3% 250
o4-mini 98.2% 172
Claude Sonnet 4.5 98.2% 150
Llama 4 Maverick 98.2% 149
Command R+ 98%
GPT-3.5 Turbo Nov 2023 98% 58
DeepSeek-R1 May 2025 reasoning hidden 97.2%
DeepSeek-V3 Mar 2025 97.1%
Gemini 3 Pro 97%
Claude Haiku 4.5 96.9% 144
Llama 3.1-8B 96.8% 157
GPT-3.5 Turbo Jan 2024 96.7% 76
Llama 3-70B 96.7% 185
Llama 4 Scout 96.5% 196
Llama 3.1-405B 96.5% 181
Mistral Small 3 96.4% 262
Mixtral 8x22B 96.2% 155
DeepSeek-R1 May 2025 96.2%
Grok 4 95.7% 643
Grok 3 95.5% 416
Command R (03-2024) 93.7%
Llama 3.1-70B 93.2% 234
Mixtral 8x7B 92.8% 181
Mistral 7B v0.3 90.1% 216
DBRX 76.6% 217
Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.1 71% 155

3 models have held number one on Stanford HELM’s leaderboard since 2023 3 models have held number one with claims included since 2023

Lab claims count from the day the card came out, independent runs from the model’s release.

OpenAI Anthropic
Stanford HELM leaderboard Passed 85% in Jun 2023, by GPT-3.5 Turbo

Source: Stanford HELM’s leaderboard

GPT-3.5 Turbo on the official leaderboard passed 85% in June 2023

All the scores we have, one dot each, so a model tested at several settings appears more than once.

On Stanford HELM’s leaderboard Reported by the lab in its model card Best so far
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 2023 2024 2025 2026 Near the ceiling (85%) Claude 3 Haiku GPT-3.5 Turbo 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 2023 2024 2025 2026 Near the ceiling (85%) Claude 3 Haiku

Sources: Stanford HELM’s leaderboard and labs’ model cards

Labs report it only in system cards

We read the headline results of 522 launch posts from 52 labs, and none of them list this benchmark. Some system cards do, below.

One system card reports it

Besides launch posts, we read the system cards, model cards and technical reports labs publish with a release. They report far more, including safety and frontier-risk tests.

DateDocumentScoreAs the document writes itSection
Jan 20, 2025 DeepSeek-R1 technical report 96.2 ART (Anthropic Red Team) safety score, from HELM (Table 9) Safety

More in Safety and alignment

All 465 in Safety and alignment
  • FORTRESS In use Paired adversarial and benign national-security misuse prompts. Rubric-graded risk score on adversarial and over-refusal score on benign prompts. Claude Opus 5.5 5.78%
  • StrongREJECT In use Forbidden-prompt jailbreak benchmark with a rubric grader that scores how useful a non-refusal actually is. Inkling 98.6%
  • Gray Swan IPI Arena benchmark In use Indirect prompt-injection attacks from public red-teaming competitions replayed on tool, coding and browser agents. Attack success rate at k attempts. Gemini 4 Carbon 0%
  • DistressBench In use Models reply as a chatbot to 718 simulated users in psychological crisis, in single-turn and multi-turn chats. Three judge models score replies against clinician-written rubrics. Muse Spark 1.2 88.4%
  • Lakera B3 (Backbone Breaker Benchmark) In use Crowdsourced prompt-injection attacks hit backbone LLMs inside agent threat snapshots at three defense levels. The score is attack resistance, 100 minus the board's vulnerability percentage. Claude Opus 4.5 89%
  • IHEval In use Models face conflicts between system, user and tool instructions. Reports a composite score for following the higher-priority instruction. GPT-4o 70%