Anthropic Red Team
Models answer human red-team attack prompts collected by Anthropic on discrimination, hate, violence and unethical behavior. Judges score response safety.
HELM Safety uses a sample of the released red-team attempts.
- Made by
- Anthropic (Ganguli et al.)
- Released
- August 2022
- Kind
- Refusing harmful requests
- Level
- Everyday
- Scored
- Graded by a model
- Answers
- Open-ended
- Tasks
- All public
- Strongest model tested
-
Gemini 3 Pro #55 on the capability index
- Last in a system card
- January 2025
- Last model added
- November 2025
- Scores refreshed
- November 12th, 2026
In the authors’ words
We describe our early efforts to red team language models in order to simultaneously discover, measure, and attempt to reduce their potentially harmful outputs. We make three main contributions. First, we investigate scaling behaviors for red teaming across 3 model sizes (2.7B, 13B, and 52B parameters) and 4 model types: a plain language model (LM); an LM prompted to be helpful, honest, and harmless; an LM with rejection sampling; and a model trained to be helpful and harmless using reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF). We find that the RLHF models are increasingly difficult to red team as they scale, and we find a flat trend with scale for the other model types. Second, we release our dataset of 38,961 red team attacks for others to analyze and learn from. We provide our own analysis of the data and find a variety of harmful outputs, which range from offensive language to more subtly harmful non-violent unethical outputs. Third, we exhaustively describe our instructions, processes, statistical methodologies, and uncertainty about red teaming. We hope that this transparency accelerates our ability to work together as a community in order to develop shared norms, practices, and technical standards for how to red team language models.
Claude 3 Haiku leads with 99.96% among models released by November 2025
Best score per entry from Stanford HELM’s leaderboard, read on November 12th, 2026. Where a model ran with several settings or harnesses, we keep its best. Every run is in the next chart. Names in gray aren't in our model list: fine-tunes, agent systems, products and older models. They don't count toward leaders.
Claude 3 Haiku leads with 99.96%, claims included
Best score per model from every source, including labs’ own numbers and claims Epoch AI collected from reports and papers. Labs pick their own settings, so a claim can beat an independent run of the same model.
The newest model with a score here came out in November 2025, and nobody has tested a newer one. Among the 20 highest-ranked models on the capability index, these have no score yet:
- Claude Fable 5.2
-
Gemini 4 Carbon
- GPT-6 Astra
- Claude Opus 5.5
- and 16 more
- 99.96 Claude 3 Haiku
- 99.9
Gemini 1.5 Flash
- 99.9
Gemini 1.5 Pro
- 99.9
Qwen3-Next-80B-A3B
- 99.9
Qwen3-235B-A22B-Instruct
- 99.8 Granite 4.0 H Small
- 99.8 Claude 3 Sonnet
- 99.8 Claude 3 Opus
- 99.8 Claude 3.5 Sonnet
- 99.7 GPT-4 Turbo
- 99.7 Claude 3.7 Sonnet
- 99.7 gpt-oss-20b
- 99.6 granite-4.0-micro
- 99.6 GPT-4.1 nano
- 99.6 GPT-3.5 Turbo
- 99.6
Qwen2.5-72B
- 99.5 GPT-5 nano
- 99.5 palmyra-fin
- 99.5 Grok-3 mini
- 99.5 GPT-5.1
- 99.5
Gemini 2.5 Pro
- 99.5 gpt-oss-120b
- 99.4
DeepSeek LLM 67B
- 99.4
Gemini 2.0 Flash
- 99.4 GPT-4.5
- 99.3
Gemini 2.0 Flash-Lite
- 99.3
OLMo 2 32B Instruct
- 99.3 GPT-4.1 mini
- 99.3 GPT-4.1
- 99.3 Palmyra X5
- 99.3 Kimi K2
- 99.2 Claude Sonnet 4
- 99.1 GPT-4o
- 99.1 Granite 3.3 8B Instruct
- 99.1 GPT-5 mini
- 99.1
Qwen2-72B
- 99.1 GPT-5
- 99.1
DeepSeek-R1
- 99.0
Qwen3-235B-A22B
- 99.0 GLM-4.5-Air
- 99.0
Qwen1.5-72B
- 98.9 Claude Opus 4
- 98.8
Llama 3-8B
- 98.8
Gemini 2.5 Flash
- 98.7
Gemini 2.0 Pro
- 98.7
Gemini 2.5 Flash-Lite
- 98.6 o3-mini
- 98.6 Palmyra X4
- 98.5
Qwen2.5-7B
- 98.3 GPT-4o mini
- 98.3 o1
- 98.3 o1-mini
- 98.3 o3
- 98.2 o4-mini
- 98.2 Claude Sonnet 4.5
- 98.2
Llama 4 Maverick
- 98.0
Command R+
- 98.0 GPT-3.5 Turbo
- 97.8 palmyra-med
- 97.1
DeepSeek-V3
- 97.0
Gemini 3 Pro
- 97.0 marin-8b-instruct
- 96.9 Claude Haiku 4.5
- 96.8
Llama 3.1-8B
- 96.7 GPT-3.5 Turbo
- 96.7
Llama 3-70B
- 96.5
Llama 4 Scout
- 96.5
Llama 3.1-405B
- 96.4
Mistral Small 3
- 96.2
Mixtral 8x22B
- 95.7 Grok 4
- 95.5 Grok 3
- 93.7
Command R (03-2024)
- 93.2
Llama 3.1-70B
- 92.8
Mixtral 8x7B
- 90.7 olmo-2-1124-13b-instruct
- 90.1
Mistral 7B v0.3
- 88.9 olmoe-1b-7b-0125-instruct
- 88.0 olmo-2-1124-7b-instruct
- 76.6
DBRX
- 71.0
Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.1
- 1 Claude 3 Haiku 99.96%
- 2
Gemini 1.5 Flash May 2024 99.9%
- 3
Gemini 1.5 Pro May 2024 99.9%
- 4
Qwen3-Next-80B-A3B thinking 99.9%
- 5
Qwen3-235B-A22B-Instruct Jul 2025 99.9%
- 6 Granite 4.0 H Small with guardian 99.8%
- 7 Claude 3 Sonnet 99.8%
- 8 Claude 3 Opus 99.8%
- 9 Claude 3.5 Sonnet 99.8%
- 10 GPT-4 Turbo Apr 2024 99.7%
- 11 Claude 3.7 Sonnet 99.7%
- 12 gpt-oss-20b 99.7%
- 13 granite-4.0-micro with guardian 99.6%
- 14 GPT-4.1 nano 99.6%
- 15 GPT-3.5 Turbo Jun 2023 99.6%
- 16
Qwen2.5-72B 99.6%
- 17 GPT-5 nano 99.5%
- 18 palmyra-fin 99.5%
- 19 Grok-3 mini 99.5%
- 20 GPT-5.1 99.5%
- 21
Gemini 2.5 Pro Jun 2025 99.5%
- 22 gpt-oss-120b 99.5%
- 23
DeepSeek LLM 67B 99.4%
- 24
Gemini 2.0 Flash Feb 2025 99.4%
- 25 GPT-4.5 99.4%
- 26
Gemini 2.0 Flash-Lite 99.3%
- 27
OLMo 2 32B Instruct 99.3%
- 28 GPT-4.1 mini 99.3%
- 29 GPT-4.1 99.3%
- 30 Palmyra X5 99.3%
- 31 Kimi K2 Jul 2025 99.3%
- 32 Claude Sonnet 4 thinking 10k 99.2%
- 33 GPT-4o May 2024 99.1%
- 34 Granite 3.3 8B Instruct 99.1%
- 35 GPT-5 mini 99.1%
- 36
Qwen2-72B 99.1%
- 37 GPT-5 99.1%
- 38
DeepSeek-R1 May 2025 99.1%
- 39
Qwen3-235B-A22B 99%
- 40 GLM-4.5-Air 99%
- 41
Qwen1.5-72B 99%
- 42 Claude Opus 4 98.9%
- 43
Llama 3-8B 98.8%
- 44
Gemini 2.5 Flash Sep 2025 98.8%
- 45
Gemini 2.0 Pro 98.7%
- 46
Gemini 2.5 Flash-Lite Sep 2025 98.7%
- 47 o3-mini 98.6%
- 48 Palmyra X4 98.6%
- 49
Qwen2.5-7B 98.5%
- 50 GPT-4o mini 98.3%
- 51 o1 98.3%
- 52 o1-mini 98.3%
- 53 o3 98.3%
- 54 o4-mini 98.2%
- 55 Claude Sonnet 4.5 98.2%
- 56
Llama 4 Maverick 98.2%
- 57
Command R+ 98%
- 58 GPT-3.5 Turbo Nov 2023 98%
- 59 palmyra-med 97.8%
- 60
DeepSeek-V3 Mar 2025 97.1%
- 61
Gemini 3 Pro 97%
- 62 marin-8b-instruct 97%
- 63 Claude Haiku 4.5 96.9%
- 64
Llama 3.1-8B 96.8%
- 65 GPT-3.5 Turbo Jan 2024 96.7%
- 66
Llama 3-70B 96.7%
- 67
Llama 4 Scout 96.5%
- 68
Llama 3.1-405B 96.5%
- 69
Mistral Small 3 96.4%
- 70
Mixtral 8x22B 96.2%
- 71 Grok 4 95.7%
- 72 Grok 3 95.5%
- 73
Command R (03-2024) 93.7%
- 74
Llama 3.1-70B 93.2%
- 75
Mixtral 8x7B 92.8%
- 76 olmo-2-1124-13b-instruct 90.7%
- 77
Mistral 7B v0.3 90.1%
- 78 olmoe-1b-7b-0125-instruct 88.9%
- 79 olmo-2-1124-7b-instruct 88%
- 80
DBRX 76.6%
- 81
Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.1 71%
Source: Stanford HELM’s leaderboard
- 99.96 Claude 3 Haiku
- 99.9
Gemini 1.5 Flash
- 99.9
Gemini 1.5 Pro
- 99.9
Qwen3-Next-80B-A3B
- 99.9
Qwen3-235B-A22B-Instruct
- 99.8 Granite 4.0 H Small
- 99.8 Claude 3 Sonnet
- 99.8 Claude 3 Opus
- 99.8 Claude 3.5 Sonnet
- 99.7 GPT-4 Turbo
- 99.7 Claude 3.7 Sonnet
- 99.7 gpt-oss-20b
- 99.6 granite-4.0-micro
- 99.6 GPT-4.1 nano
- 99.6 GPT-3.5 Turbo
- 99.6
Qwen2.5-72B
- 99.5 GPT-5 nano
- 99.5 Grok-3 mini
- 99.5 GPT-5.1
- 99.5
Gemini 2.5 Pro
- 99.5 gpt-oss-120b
- 99.4
DeepSeek LLM 67B
- 99.4
Gemini 2.0 Flash
- 99.4 GPT-4.5
- 99.3
Gemini 2.0 Flash-Lite
- 99.3
OLMo 2 32B Instruct
- 99.3 GPT-4.1 mini
- 99.3 GPT-4.1
- 99.3 Palmyra X5
- 99.3 Kimi K2
- 99.2 Claude Sonnet 4
- 99.1 GPT-4o
- 99.1 Granite 3.3 8B Instruct
- 99.1 GPT-5 mini
- 99.1
Qwen2-72B
- 99.1 GPT-5
- 99.1
DeepSeek-R1
- 99.0
Qwen3-235B-A22B
- 99.0 GLM-4.5-Air
- 99.0
Qwen1.5-72B
- 98.9 Claude Opus 4
- 98.8
Llama 3-8B
- 98.8
Gemini 2.5 Flash
- 98.7
Gemini 2.0 Pro
- 98.7
Gemini 2.5 Flash-Lite
- 98.6 o3-mini
- 98.6 Palmyra X4
- 98.5
Qwen2.5-7B
- 98.3 GPT-4o mini
- 98.3 o1
- 98.3 o1-mini
- 98.3 o3
- 98.2 o4-mini
- 98.2 Claude Sonnet 4.5
- 98.2
Llama 4 Maverick
- 98.0
Command R+
- 98.0 GPT-3.5 Turbo
- 97.1
DeepSeek-V3
- 97.0
Gemini 3 Pro
- 96.9 Claude Haiku 4.5
- 96.8
Llama 3.1-8B
- 96.7 GPT-3.5 Turbo
- 96.7
Llama 3-70B
- 96.5
Llama 4 Scout
- 96.5
Llama 3.1-405B
- 96.4
Mistral Small 3
- 96.2
DeepSeek-R1
- 96.2
Mixtral 8x22B
- 95.7 Grok 4
- 95.5 Grok 3
- 93.7
Command R (03-2024)
- 93.2
Llama 3.1-70B
- 92.8
Mixtral 8x7B
- 90.1
Mistral 7B v0.3
- 76.6
DBRX
- 71.0
Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.1
- 1 Claude 3 Haiku 99.96%
- 2
Gemini 1.5 Flash May 2024 99.9%
- 3
Gemini 1.5 Pro May 2024 99.9%
- 4
Qwen3-Next-80B-A3B thinking 99.9%
- 5
Qwen3-235B-A22B-Instruct Jul 2025 99.9%
- 6 Granite 4.0 H Small with guardian 99.8%
- 7 Claude 3 Sonnet 99.8%
- 8 Claude 3 Opus 99.8%
- 9 Claude 3.5 Sonnet 99.8%
- 10 GPT-4 Turbo Apr 2024 99.7%
- 11 Claude 3.7 Sonnet 99.7%
- 12 gpt-oss-20b 99.7%
- 13 granite-4.0-micro with guardian 99.6%
- 14 GPT-4.1 nano 99.6%
- 15 GPT-3.5 Turbo Jun 2023 99.6%
- 16
Qwen2.5-72B 99.6%
- 17 GPT-5 nano 99.5%
- 18 Grok-3 mini 99.5%
- 19 GPT-5.1 99.5%
- 20
Gemini 2.5 Pro Jun 2025 99.5%
- 21 gpt-oss-120b 99.5%
- 22
DeepSeek LLM 67B 99.4%
- 23
Gemini 2.0 Flash Feb 2025 99.4%
- 24 GPT-4.5 99.4%
- 25
Gemini 2.0 Flash-Lite 99.3%
- 26
OLMo 2 32B Instruct 99.3%
- 27 GPT-4.1 mini 99.3%
- 28 GPT-4.1 99.3%
- 29 Palmyra X5 99.3%
- 30 Kimi K2 Jul 2025 99.3%
- 31 Claude Sonnet 4 thinking 10k 99.2%
- 32 GPT-4o May 2024 99.1%
- 33 Granite 3.3 8B Instruct 99.1%
- 34 GPT-5 mini 99.1%
- 35
Qwen2-72B 99.1%
- 36 GPT-5 99.1%
- 37
DeepSeek-R1 May 2025 99.1%
- 38
Qwen3-235B-A22B 99%
- 39 GLM-4.5-Air 99%
- 40
Qwen1.5-72B 99%
- 41 Claude Opus 4 98.9%
- 42
Llama 3-8B 98.8%
- 43
Gemini 2.5 Flash Sep 2025 98.8%
- 44
Gemini 2.0 Pro 98.7%
- 45
Gemini 2.5 Flash-Lite Sep 2025 98.7%
- 46 o3-mini 98.6%
- 47 Palmyra X4 98.6%
- 48
Qwen2.5-7B 98.5%
- 49 GPT-4o mini 98.3%
- 50 o1 98.3%
- 51 o1-mini 98.3%
- 52 o3 98.3%
- 53 o4-mini 98.2%
- 54 Claude Sonnet 4.5 98.2%
- 55
Llama 4 Maverick 98.2%
- 56
Command R+ 98%
- 57 GPT-3.5 Turbo Nov 2023 98%
- 58
DeepSeek-V3 Mar 2025 97.1%
- 59
Gemini 3 Pro 97%
- 60 Claude Haiku 4.5 96.9%
- 61
Llama 3.1-8B 96.8%
- 62 GPT-3.5 Turbo Jan 2024 96.7%
- 63
Llama 3-70B 96.7%
- 64
Llama 4 Scout 96.5%
- 65
Llama 3.1-405B 96.5%
- 66
Mistral Small 3 96.4%
- 67
DeepSeek-R1 96.2%
- 68
Mixtral 8x22B 96.2%
- 69 Grok 4 95.7%
- 70 Grok 3 95.5%
- 71
Command R (03-2024) 93.7%
- 72
Llama 3.1-70B 93.2%
- 73
Mixtral 8x7B 92.8%
- 74
Mistral 7B v0.3 90.1%
- 75
DBRX 76.6%
- 76
Mistral-7B-Instruct-v0.1 71%
Sources: Stanford HELM’s leaderboard and labs’ model cards
| # | Entry | Score | Setting | Date | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Claude 3 Haiku | 99.96% | Mar 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 2 | | 99.9% | May 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 3 | | 99.9% | May 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 4 | | 99.9% | thinking | Sep 2025 | Official leaderboard |
| 5 | | 99.9% | Jul 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 6 | Granite 4.0 H Small | 99.8% | with guardian | Oct 2025 | Official leaderboard |
| 7 | Claude 3 Sonnet | 99.8% | Feb 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 8 | Claude 3 Opus | 99.8% | Feb 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 9 | Claude 3.5 Sonnet | 99.8% | Jun 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 10 | GPT-4 Turbo Apr 2024 | 99.7% | Apr 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 11 | Claude 3.7 Sonnet | 99.7% | Feb 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 12 | gpt-oss-20b | 99.7% | Aug 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 13 | granite-4.0-micro | 99.6% | with guardian | Oct 2025 | Official leaderboard |
| 14 | GPT-4.1 nano | 99.6% | Apr 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 15 | GPT-3.5 Turbo Jun 2023 | 99.6% | Jun 2023 | Official leaderboard | |
| 16 | | 99.6% | Sep 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 17 | GPT-5 nano | 99.5% | Aug 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 18 | palmyra-fin | 99.5% | Official leaderboard | ||
| 19 | Grok-3 mini | 99.5% | Apr 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 20 | GPT-5.1 | 99.5% | Nov 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 21 | | 99.5% | Jun 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 22 | gpt-oss-120b | 99.5% | Aug 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 23 | | 99.4% | Nov 2023 | Official leaderboard | |
| 24 | | 99.4% | Feb 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 25 | GPT-4.5 | 99.4% | Feb 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 26 | | 99.3% | Feb 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 27 | | 99.3% | Mar 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 28 | GPT-4.1 mini | 99.3% | Apr 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 29 | GPT-4.1 | 99.3% | Apr 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 30 | Palmyra X5 | 99.3% | Apr 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 31 | Kimi K2 Jul 2025 | 99.3% | Jul 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 32 | Claude Sonnet 4 | 99.2% | thinking 10k | May 2025 | Official leaderboard |
| 33 | GPT-4o May 2024 | 99.1% | May 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 34 | Granite 3.3 8B Instruct | 99.1% | Apr 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 35 | GPT-5 mini | 99.1% | Aug 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 36 | | 99.1% | Jun 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 37 | GPT-5 | 99.1% | Aug 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 38 | | 99.1% | May 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 39 | | 99% | Apr 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 40 | GLM-4.5-Air | 99% | Jul 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 41 | | 99% | Feb 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 42 | Claude Opus 4 | 98.9% | May 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 43 | | 98.8% | Apr 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 44 | | 98.8% | Sep 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 45 | | 98.7% | Feb 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 46 | | 98.7% | Sep 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 47 | o3-mini | 98.6% | Jan 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 48 | Palmyra X4 | 98.6% | Oct 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 49 | | 98.5% | Sep 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 50 | GPT-4o mini | 98.3% | Jul 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 51 | o1 | 98.3% | Dec 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 52 | o1-mini | 98.3% | Sep 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 53 | o3 | 98.3% | Apr 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 54 | o4-mini | 98.2% | Apr 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 55 | Claude Sonnet 4.5 | 98.2% | Sep 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 56 | | 98.2% | Apr 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 57 | | 98% | Aug 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 58 | GPT-3.5 Turbo Nov 2023 | 98% | Nov 2023 | Official leaderboard | |
| 59 | palmyra-med | 97.8% | Official leaderboard | ||
| 60 | | 97.1% | Mar 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 61 | | 97% | Nov 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 62 | marin-8b-instruct | 97% | Official leaderboard | ||
| 63 | Claude Haiku 4.5 | 96.9% | Oct 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 64 | | 96.8% | Jul 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 65 | GPT-3.5 Turbo Jan 2024 | 96.7% | Jan 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 66 | | 96.7% | Apr 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 67 | | 96.5% | Apr 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 68 | | 96.5% | Jul 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 69 | | 96.4% | Jan 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 70 | | 96.2% | Apr 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 71 | Grok 4 | 95.7% | Jul 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 72 | Grok 3 | 95.5% | Apr 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 73 | | 93.7% | Mar 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 74 | | 93.2% | Jul 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 75 | | 92.8% | Dec 2023 | Official leaderboard | |
| 76 | olmo-2-1124-13b-instruct | 90.7% | Official leaderboard | ||
| 77 | | 90.1% | Sep 2023 | Official leaderboard | |
| 78 | olmoe-1b-7b-0125-instruct | 88.9% | Official leaderboard | ||
| 79 | olmo-2-1124-7b-instruct | 88% | Official leaderboard | ||
| 80 | | 76.6% | Mar 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 81 | | 71% | Sep 2023 | Official leaderboard |
| # | Model | Score | Setting | Date | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Claude 3 Haiku | 99.96% | Mar 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 2 | | 99.9% | May 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 3 | | 99.9% | May 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 4 | | 99.9% | thinking | Sep 2025 | Official leaderboard |
| 5 | | 99.9% | Jul 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 6 | Granite 4.0 H Small | 99.8% | with guardian | Oct 2025 | Official leaderboard |
| 7 | Claude 3 Sonnet | 99.8% | Feb 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 8 | Claude 3 Opus | 99.8% | Feb 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 9 | Claude 3.5 Sonnet | 99.8% | Jun 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 10 | GPT-4 Turbo Apr 2024 | 99.7% | Apr 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 11 | Claude 3.7 Sonnet | 99.7% | Feb 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 12 | gpt-oss-20b | 99.7% | Aug 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 13 | granite-4.0-micro | 99.6% | with guardian | Oct 2025 | Official leaderboard |
| 14 | GPT-4.1 nano | 99.6% | Apr 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 15 | GPT-3.5 Turbo Jun 2023 | 99.6% | Jun 2023 | Official leaderboard | |
| 16 | | 99.6% | Sep 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 17 | GPT-5 nano | 99.5% | Aug 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 18 | Grok-3 mini | 99.5% | Apr 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 19 | GPT-5.1 | 99.5% | Nov 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 20 | | 99.5% | Jun 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 21 | gpt-oss-120b | 99.5% | Aug 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 22 | | 99.4% | Nov 2023 | Official leaderboard | |
| 23 | | 99.4% | Feb 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 24 | GPT-4.5 | 99.4% | Feb 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 25 | | 99.3% | Feb 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 26 | | 99.3% | Mar 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 27 | GPT-4.1 mini | 99.3% | Apr 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 28 | GPT-4.1 | 99.3% | Apr 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 29 | Palmyra X5 | 99.3% | Apr 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 30 | Kimi K2 Jul 2025 | 99.3% | Jul 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 31 | Claude Sonnet 4 | 99.2% | thinking 10k | May 2025 | Official leaderboard |
| 32 | GPT-4o May 2024 | 99.1% | May 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 33 | Granite 3.3 8B Instruct | 99.1% | Apr 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 34 | GPT-5 mini | 99.1% | Aug 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 35 | | 99.1% | Jun 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 36 | GPT-5 | 99.1% | Aug 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 37 | | 99.1% | May 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 38 | | 99% | Apr 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 39 | GLM-4.5-Air | 99% | Jul 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 40 | | 99% | Feb 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 41 | Claude Opus 4 | 98.9% | May 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 42 | | 98.8% | Apr 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 43 | | 98.8% | Sep 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 44 | | 98.7% | Feb 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 45 | | 98.7% | Sep 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 46 | o3-mini | 98.6% | Jan 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 47 | Palmyra X4 | 98.6% | Oct 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 48 | | 98.5% | Sep 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 49 | GPT-4o mini | 98.3% | Jul 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 50 | o1 | 98.3% | Dec 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 51 | o1-mini | 98.3% | Sep 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 52 | o3 | 98.3% | Apr 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 53 | o4-mini | 98.2% | Apr 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 54 | Claude Sonnet 4.5 | 98.2% | Sep 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 55 | | 98.2% | Apr 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 56 | | 98% | Aug 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 57 | GPT-3.5 Turbo Nov 2023 | 98% | Nov 2023 | Official leaderboard | |
| 58 | | 97.1% | Mar 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 59 | | 97% | Nov 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 60 | Claude Haiku 4.5 | 96.9% | Oct 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 61 | | 96.8% | Jul 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 62 | GPT-3.5 Turbo Jan 2024 | 96.7% | Jan 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 63 | | 96.7% | Apr 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 64 | | 96.5% | Apr 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 65 | | 96.5% | Jul 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 66 | | 96.4% | Jan 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 67 | | 96.2% | Jan 2025 | Lab model card | |
| 68 | | 96.2% | Apr 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 69 | Grok 4 | 95.7% | Jul 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 70 | Grok 3 | 95.5% | Apr 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 71 | | 93.7% | Mar 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 72 | | 93.2% | Jul 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 73 | | 92.8% | Dec 2023 | Official leaderboard | |
| 74 | | 90.1% | Sep 2023 | Official leaderboard | |
| 75 | | 76.6% | Mar 2024 | Official leaderboard | |
| 76 | | 71% | Sep 2023 | Official leaderboard |
Labs report scores for 1 model in their cards. Switch the scores above to rank them together.
Scores at each effort level
Models the leaderboard ran at two or more effort levels. We don’t have enough cost data here to say what the extra effort costs.
Source: Stanford HELM’s leaderboard
3 models have held number one on Stanford HELM’s leaderboard since 2023 3 models have held number one with claims included since 2023
Lab claims count from the day the card came out, independent runs from the model’s release.
Source: Stanford HELM’s leaderboard
GPT-3.5 Turbo on the official leaderboard passed 85% in June 2023
All the scores we have, one dot each, so a model tested at several settings appears more than once.
Sources: Stanford HELM’s leaderboard and labs’ model cards
Labs report it only in system cards
We read the headline results of 522 launch posts from 52 labs, and none of them list this benchmark. Some system cards do, below.
One system card reports it
Besides launch posts, we read the system cards, model cards and technical reports labs publish with a release. They report far more, including safety and frontier-risk tests.
| Date | Document | Score | As the document writes it | Section |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan 20, 2025 | | 96.2 | ART (Anthropic Red Team) safety score, from HELM (Table 9) | Safety |
More in Safety and alignment
- FORTRESS In use Paired adversarial and benign national-security misuse prompts. Rubric-graded risk score on adversarial and over-refusal score on benign prompts. Claude Opus 5.5 5.78%
- StrongREJECT In use Forbidden-prompt jailbreak benchmark with a rubric grader that scores how useful a non-refusal actually is.
Inkling 98.6%
- Gray Swan IPI Arena benchmark In use Indirect prompt-injection attacks from public red-teaming competitions replayed on tool, coding and browser agents. Attack success rate at k attempts.
Gemini 4 Carbon 0%
- DistressBench In use Models reply as a chatbot to 718 simulated users in psychological crisis, in single-turn and multi-turn chats. Three judge models score replies against clinician-written rubrics.
Muse Spark 1.2 88.4%
- Lakera B3 (Backbone Breaker Benchmark) In use Crowdsourced prompt-injection attacks hit backbone LLMs inside agent threat snapshots at three defense levels. The score is attack resistance, 100 minus the board's vulnerability percentage. Claude Opus 4.5 89%
- IHEval In use Models face conflicts between system, user and tool instructions. Reports a composite score for following the higher-priority instruction. GPT-4o 70%