Benchmark Almanac

BBEH micro average

Gemma 4 31B IT 74.4% leads since April 2026
o3-mini 54.2% leads since February 2025
Gemma 4 31B IT 74.4% leads since April 2026
In use

Models solve harder replacements for each of the 23 BIG-Bench Hard tasks, 4,520 examples in total. The score is the share of all examples answered correctly.

The board ranks by the harmonic mean over tasks, which the BIG-Bench Extra Hard record holds. Labs print this number. Some cards don't name the average and are filed here because every card that names it uses the micro average.

Made by
Google DeepMind
Released
February 2025
Kind
Language reasoning
Level
University
Scored
Checked automatically
Answers
Short answer
Tasks
All public
Strongest model tested
DeepSeek V4.1 Flash #34 on the capability index
Last in a launch post
September 2026
Last model added
September 2026
Scores refreshed
November 12th, 2026

In the authors’ words

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in everyday applications, demanding robust general reasoning capabilities and diverse reasoning skillset. However, current LLM reasoning benchmarks predominantly focus on mathematical and coding abilities, leaving a gap in evaluating broader reasoning proficiencies. One particular exception is the BIG-Bench dataset, which has served as a crucial benchmark for evaluating the general reasoning capabilities of LLMs, thanks to its diverse set of challenging tasks that allowed for a comprehensive assessment of general reasoning across various skills within a unified framework. However, recent advances in LLMs have led to saturation on BIG-Bench, and its harder version BIG-Bench Hard (BBH). State-of-the-art models achieve near-perfect scores on many tasks in BBH, thus diminishing its utility. To address this limitation, we introduce BIG-Bench Extra Hard (BBEH), a new benchmark designed to push the boundaries of LLM reasoning evaluation. BBEH replaces each task in BBH with a novel task that probes a similar reasoning capability but exhibits significantly increased difficulty. We evaluate various models on BBEH and observe a (harmonic) average accuracy of 9.8% for the best general-purpose model and 44.8% for the best reasoning-specialized model, indicating substantial room for improvement and highlighting the ongoing challenge of achieving robust general reasoning in LLMs. We release BBEH publicly at: https://github.com/google-deepmind/bbeh.

Abstract of BIG-Bench Extra Hard (arXiv:2502.19187, CC0)
15
Models scored in lab cards
9
Launch posts list it, from 3 labs
13
System cards report it, from 4 labs

Gemma 4 31B IT leads with 74.4% among models released by September 2026

Best score per model as labs report them in their own cards. Labs pick their own settings, so these compare less cleanly than independent runs.

o3-mini leads with 54.2% across all independent runs

Best score per model across the official leaderboard, Epoch AI’s own runs and any board Epoch AI copied. Each bar and row names its source.

Gemma 4 31B IT leads with 74.4%, claims included

Best score per model from every source, including labs’ own numbers and claims Epoch AI collected from reports and papers. Labs pick their own settings, so a claim can beat an independent run of the same model.

The newest model with a score here came out in September 2026, and nobody has reported a newer one. Among the 20 highest-ranked models on the capability index, these have no score yet:

  1. 1 Gemma 4 31B IT 74.4%
  2. 2 ERNIE 5.0 66.6%
  3. 3 Gemma 4 26B A4B 64.8%
  4. 4 Ring-1T 59.6%
  5. 5 Gemma 4 12B 53%
  6. 6 Ling-2.6-1T 52.4%
  7. 7 DiffusionGemma 26B A4B 47.6%
  8. 8 Gemma 4 E4B 33.1%
  9. 9 DeepSeek V4.1 Flash 27.2%
  10. 10 DeepSeek-V4.1-Flash Base 27.2%
  11. 11 Gemma 4 E2B 21.9%
  12. 12 Gemma 3 27B 19.3%
  13. 13 Gemma 3 12B 16.3%
  14. 14 Gemma 3 4B 11%
  15. 15 Gemma 3 1B 7.20%

Source: Labs’ model cards

#ModelScoreSettingDateSource
1 Gemma 4 31B IT 74.4% Apr 2026 Lab model card
2 ERNIE 5.0 66.6% Feb 2026 Lab model card
3 Gemma 4 26B A4B 64.8% Apr 2026 Lab model card
4 Ring-1T 59.6% Oct 2025 Lab model card
5 Gemma 4 12B 53% Jun 2026 Lab model card
6 Ling-2.6-1T 52.4% Jun 2026 Lab model card
7 DiffusionGemma 26B A4B 47.6% Jun 2026 Lab model card
8 Gemma 4 E4B 33.1% Apr 2026 Lab model card
9 DeepSeek V4.1 Flash 27.2% Sep 2026 Lab model card
10 DeepSeek-V4.1-Flash Base 27.2% Sep 2026 Lab model card
11 Gemma 4 E2B 21.9% Apr 2026 Lab model card
12 Gemma 3 27B 19.3% Mar 2025 Lab model card
13 Gemma 3 12B 16.3% Mar 2025 Lab model card
14 Gemma 3 4B 11% Mar 2025 Lab model card
15 Gemma 3 1B 7.20% Mar 2025 Lab model card
#ModelScoreSettingDateSource
1 o3-mini 54.2% high Jan 2025 Official leaderboard
2 DeepSeek-R1 34.9% Jan 2025 Official leaderboard
3 Gemini 2.0 Flash Feb 2025 23.9% Feb 2025 Official leaderboard
4 GPT-4o Jan 2025 22.3% Jan 2025 Official leaderboard
5 Gemini 2.0 Flash-Lite 19.7% Feb 2025 Official leaderboard
6 DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen-32B 19.2% Jan 2025 Official leaderboard
7 Gemma 3 27B 18.8% Mar 2025 Official leaderboard
8 Gemma 3 12B 16.3% Mar 2025 Official leaderboard
9 Gemma 2 27B 14.8% Jun 2024 Official leaderboard
10 Gemma 3 4B 11% Mar 2025 Official leaderboard
11 Llama 3.1-8B 10.6% Jul 2024 Official leaderboard
#ModelScoreSettingDateSource
1 Gemma 4 31B IT 74.4% Apr 2026 Lab model card
2 ERNIE 5.0 66.6% Feb 2026 Lab model card
3 Gemma 4 26B A4B 64.8% Apr 2026 Lab model card
4 Ring-1T 59.6% Oct 2025 Lab model card
5 o3-mini 54.2% high Jan 2025 Official leaderboard
6 Gemma 4 12B 53% Jun 2026 Lab model card
7 Ling-2.6-1T 52.4% Jun 2026 Lab model card
8 DiffusionGemma 26B A4B 47.6% Jun 2026 Lab model card
9 DeepSeek-R1 34.9% Jan 2025 Official leaderboard
10 Gemma 4 E4B 33.1% Apr 2026 Lab model card
11 DeepSeek V4.1 Flash 27.2% Sep 2026 Lab model card
12 DeepSeek-V4.1-Flash Base 27.2% Sep 2026 Lab model card
13 Gemini 2.0 Flash Feb 2025 23.9% Feb 2025 Official leaderboard
14 GPT-4o Jan 2025 22.3% Jan 2025 Official leaderboard
15 Gemma 4 E2B 21.9% Apr 2026 Lab model card
16 Gemini 2.0 Flash-Lite 19.7% Feb 2025 Official leaderboard
17 Gemma 3 27B 19.3% Mar 2025 Lab model card
18 DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen-32B 19.2% Jan 2025 Official leaderboard
19 Gemma 3 12B 16.3% Mar 2025 Official leaderboard
20 Gemma 2 27B 14.8% Jun 2024 Official leaderboard
21 Gemma 3 4B 11% Mar 2025 Official leaderboard
22 Llama 3.1-8B 10.6% Jul 2024 Official leaderboard
23 Gemma 3 1B 7.20% Mar 2025 Lab model card

The benchmark's own leaderboard has 11 models. Switch the scores above to rank them together.

4 models have held number one in labs’ own numbers since its release in February 2025 Number one over time 4 models have held number one with claims included since its release in February 2025

Lab claims count from the day the card came out, independent runs from the model’s release. We draw one row each for the benchmark’s own leaderboard and what labs claim in their cards.

OpenAI Google DeepMind Ant Group Baidu
Own leaderboard Not tested since Mar 2025
o3-mini 54.2%
Lab claims Not tested since Sep 2026

Sources: Official BBEH micro average leaderboard and labs’ model cards

Scores over time

All the scores we have, one dot each, so a model tested at several settings appears more than once.

On the benchmark’s own leaderboard Reported by the lab in its model card Best so far
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 2024 2025 2026 Near the ceiling (85%) Gemma 4 31B IT ERNIE 5.0 Ring-1T o3-mini DeepSeek-R1 Gemma 2 27B 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 2024 2025 2026 Near the ceiling (85%) Gemma 4 31B IT ERNIE 5.0

Sources: Official BBEH micro average leaderboard and labs’ model cards

2 labs put it in a launch post in the last six months

Launch posts from every lab that has listed it, one tick per post. Tall colored ticks include it, and short gray ones leave it out.

Google DeepMind
Baidu
DeepSeek
DateLaunch postScoreAs the post writes it
Sep 10, 2026 DeepSeek V4.1 Flash 27.2 BBEH (EM)
Jun 10, 2026 DiffusionGemma 26B A4B 47.6 BigBench Extra Hard
Jun 3, 2026 Gemma 4 12B 53 BigBench Extra Hard
Apr 2, 2026 Gemma 4 E4B 33.1 BigBench Extra Hard
Apr 2, 2026 Gemma 4 E2B 21.9 BigBench Extra Hard
Apr 2, 2026 Gemma 4 26B A4B 64.8 BigBench Extra Hard
Apr 2, 2026 Gemma 4 31B IT 74.4 BigBench Extra Hard
Feb 6, 2026 ERNIE 5.0 66.6 BBEH
Mar 12, 2025 Gemma 3 27B 19.3 BIG-Bench Extra Hard 0-shot (IT)

13 system cards report it, from 4 labs

Besides launch posts, we read the system cards, model cards and technical reports labs publish with a release. They report far more, including safety and frontier-risk tests.

DateDocumentScoreAs the document writes itSection
Sep 10, 2026 DeepSeek-V4.1-Flash Base model card 27.2 BBEH, EM, 1-shot Capabilities
Jul 31, 2026 DiffusionGemma 26B A4B technical report 47.6 BigBench EH, TD, 40.0 no-think (Table 3) Capabilities
Jul 24, 2026 Gemma 4 E4B technical report 33.1 Big Bench Extra Hard micro avg, thinking (Table 5) Capabilities
Jul 24, 2026 Gemma 4 E2B technical report 21.9 Big Bench Extra Hard micro avg, thinking (Table 5) Capabilities
Jul 24, 2026 Gemma 4 31B IT technical report 74.4 Big Bench Extra Hard micro avg, thinking (Table 5) Capabilities
Jul 24, 2026 Gemma 4 26B A4B technical report 64.8 Big Bench Extra Hard micro avg, thinking (Table 5) Capabilities
Jun 13, 2026 Ling-2.6-1T technical report 52.4 bbeh, Pass@1 (Table 5) Capabilities
Feb 4, 2026 ERNIE 5.0 technical report 66.6 BBEH (Table 2) Capabilities
Oct 21, 2025 Ring-1T technical report 59.6 BBEH (Table 1) Capabilities
Mar 25, 2025 Gemma 3 4B technical report 11 BBEH, IT, 0-shot (Table 18) Capabilities
Mar 25, 2025 Gemma 3 27B technical report 19.3 BBEH, IT, 0-shot (Table 18) Capabilities
Mar 25, 2025 Gemma 3 1B technical report 7.2 BBEH, IT, 0-shot (Table 18) Capabilities
Mar 25, 2025 Gemma 3 12B technical report 16.3 BBEH, IT, 0-shot (Table 18) Capabilities

3 lab claims next to the leaderboard

Each score a lab reported for its own model, beside the same model's best score on the leaderboard. Gaps mostly come from different harnesses, effort levels and task subsets. 2 of them match, which usually means one side copied the other. Every benchmark.

Model Lab says Board says Gap
Gemma 3 27B 19.3% BIG-Bench Extra Hard 0-shot (IT) 18.8% Leaderboard +0.5 pts
Gemma 3 12B 16.3% BBEH, IT, 0-shot (Table 18) 16.3% Leaderboard Same
Gemma 3 4B 11% BBEH, IT, 0-shot (Table 18) 11% Leaderboard Same

More in Knowledge

All 121 in Knowledge
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  • WideSearch In use 200 bilingual broad info-seeking tasks: agent collects many atomic facts into a table. Scored by success rate and row/item F1. Tencent Hy4 preview 83.9%
  • KMMLU-Pro In use Models answer multiple-choice questions taken from Korean National Professional Licensure exams. It tests professional knowledge used in Korean industry. Solar Pro 4 79.2%
  • HLE-Verified In use Verified and revised version of Humanity's Last Exam (1,811 items) with uncertain items removed. Seed2.0 Pro 73.6%
  • HLE-Diamond In use Models answer 1,000 cleaned expert questions from Humanity's Last Exam, 500 on reasoning and 500 on knowledge, closed book. Graded on exact answers. Claude Fable 5.2 77.9%