ARC-Easy
Models answer grade-school science multiple-choice questions from the ARC Easy Set, which has 5,197 questions. Scoring is accuracy.
ARC-Challenge is the harder companion split, made of questions that retrieval and co-occurrence baselines failed.
- Made by
- Allen Institute for AI
- Released
- March 2018
- Kind
- Exam questions
- Level
- School
- Scored
- Checked automatically
- Answers
- Multiple choice
- Tasks
- All public
- Strongest model tested
-
DeepSeek-V3 #154 on the capability index
- Last in a launch post
- June 2025, dropped after it saturated
- Last model added
- June 2025
In the authors’ words
We present a new question set, text corpus, and baselines assembled to encourage AI research in advanced question answering. Together, these constitute the AI2 Reasoning Challenge (ARC), which requires far more powerful knowledge and reasoning than previous challenges such as SQuAD or SNLI. The ARC question set is partitioned into a Challenge Set and an Easy Set, where the Challenge Set contains only questions answered incorrectly by both a retrieval-based algorithm and a word co-occurence algorithm. The dataset contains only natural, grade-school science questions (authored for human tests), and is the largest public-domain set of this kind (7,787 questions). We test several baselines on the Challenge Set, including leading neural models from the SQuAD and SNLI tasks, and find that none are able to significantly outperform a random baseline, reflecting the difficult nature of this task. We are also releasing the ARC Corpus, a corpus of 14M science sentences relevant to the task, and implementations of the three neural baseline models tested. Can your model perform better? We pose ARC as a challenge to the community.
DeepSeek-V3 leads with 98.9% among models released by June 2025
Best score per model as labs report them in their own cards. Labs pick their own settings, so these compare less cleanly than independent runs.
The newest model with a score here came out in June 2025, and nobody has reported a newer one. Among the 20 highest-ranked models on the capability index, these have no score yet:
- Claude Fable 5.2
-
Gemini 4 Carbon
- GPT-6 Astra
- Claude Opus 5.5
- and 16 more
- 98.9
DeepSeek-V3
- 98.1
DeepSeek-V2 (MoE-236B, May 2024)
- 97.8
phi-3-medium 14B
- 97.0
phi-3-small 7.4B
- 94.6
phi-3-mini 3.8B
- 89.7 PaLM 2-L
- 89.0
Gemma 3 27B
- 88.6
Gemma 2 27B
- 88.3
Gemma 3 12B
- 88.0
Gemma 2 9B
- 83.1
Mixtral 8x7B
- 82.4
Gemma 3 4B
- 81.6
DeepSeek LLM 67B
- 81.6
Gemma 3n E4B
- 81.5
Gemma 7B
- 80.2
Llama 2-70B
- 80.0
Mistral 7B v0.1
- 79.4
Llama 2-34B
- 77.3
Llama 2-13B
- 75.2
Llama 2-7B
- 74.8
BitNet b1.58 2B4T
- 73.2
Gemma 2B
- 73.0
Gemma 3 1B
- 1
DeepSeek-V3 98.9%
- 2
DeepSeek-V2 (MoE-236B, May 2024) 98.1%
- 3
phi-3-medium 14B 97.8%
- 4
phi-3-small 7.4B 97%
- 5
phi-3-mini 3.8B 94.6%
- 6 PaLM 2-L 89.7%
- 7
Gemma 3 27B 89%
- 8
Gemma 2 27B 88.6%
- 9
Gemma 3 12B 88.3%
- 10
Gemma 2 9B 88%
- 11
Mixtral 8x7B 83.1%
- 12
Gemma 3 4B 82.4%
- 13
DeepSeek LLM 67B 81.6%
- 14
Gemma 3n E4B 81.6%
- 15
Gemma 7B 81.5%
- 16
Llama 2-70B 80.2%
- 17
Mistral 7B v0.1 80%
- 18
Llama 2-34B 79.4%
- 19
Llama 2-13B 77.3%
- 20
Llama 2-7B 75.2%
- 21
BitNet b1.58 2B4T 74.8%
- 22
Gemma 2B 73.2%
- 23
Gemma 3 1B 73%
Source: Labs’ model cards
| # | Model | Score | Setting | Date | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | | 98.9% | Dec 2024 | Lab model card | |
| 2 | | 98.1% | May 2024 | Lab model card | |
| 3 | | 97.8% | Apr 2024 | Lab model card | |
| 4 | | 97% | Aug 2024 | Lab model card | |
| 5 | | 94.6% | Aug 2024 | Lab model card | |
| 6 | PaLM 2-L | 89.7% | May 2023 | Lab model card | |
| 7 | | 89% | Mar 2025 | Lab model card | |
| 8 | | 88.6% | Jun 2024 | Lab model card | |
| 9 | | 88.3% | Mar 2025 | Lab model card | |
| 10 | | 88% | Jul 2024 | Lab model card | |
| 11 | | 83.1% | Dec 2023 | Lab model card | |
| 12 | | 82.4% | Mar 2025 | Lab model card | |
| 13 | | 81.6% | Jan 2024 | Lab model card | |
| 14 | | 81.6% | Jun 2025 | Lab model card | |
| 15 | | 81.5% | Feb 2024 | Lab model card | |
| 16 | | 80.2% | Jul 2023 | Lab model card | |
| 17 | | 80% | Sep 2023 | Lab model card | |
| 18 | | 79.4% | Jul 2023 | Lab model card | |
| 19 | | 77.3% | Jul 2023 | Lab model card | |
| 20 | | 75.2% | Jul 2023 | Lab model card | |
| 21 | | 74.8% | Apr 2025 | Lab model card | |
| 22 | | 73.2% | Mar 2024 | Lab model card | |
| 23 | | 73% | Mar 2025 | Lab model card |
4 models have held number one in labs’ own numbers since 2023
Lab claims count from the day the card came out, independent runs from the model’s release.
Source: Labs’ model cards
Its lab’s own number for PaLM 2-L passed 85% in May 2023
All the scores we have, one dot each, so a model tested at several settings appears more than once.
Source: Labs’ model cards
Labs dropped it from launch posts once the best score passed 85%
Launch posts from every lab that has listed it, one tick per post. Tall colored ticks include it, and short gray ones leave it out.
| Date | Launch post | Score | As the post writes it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Jun 26, 2025 | 81.6 | ARC-e 0-shot (PT) | |
| Apr 15, 2025 | 74.8 | ARC-Easy | |
| Mar 12, 2025 | 89 | ARC-e 0-shot (PT) | |
| Dec 26, 2024 | 98.9 | ARC-Easy (Acc.) | |
| Jun 27, 2024 | 88.6 | ARC-e (0-shot) | |
| Apr 22, 2024 | 97.8 | Arc-E (10-Shot) | |
| Feb 21, 2024 | 81.5 | ARC-e | |
| Dec 12, 2023 | ARC easy (in Commonsense Reasoning average only) | ||
| Dec 11, 2023 | 83.1 | Arc-e [detailed table] | |
| Sep 27, 2023 | 80 | Arc-e | |
| May 10, 2023 | 89.7 | ARC-E, 1-shot |
20 system cards report it, from 5 labs
Besides launch posts, we read the system cards, model cards and technical reports labs publish with a release. They report far more, including safety and frontier-risk tests.
| Date | Document | Score | As the document writes it | Section |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apr 16, 2025 | | 74.8 | ARC-Easy (0-shot; Acc,norm) (Table 1, Table 3) | Capabilities |
| Mar 25, 2025 | | 82.4 | ARC-E, PT, 0-shot (Table 9) | Capabilities |
| Mar 25, 2025 | | 89 | ARC-E, PT, 0-shot (Table 9) | Capabilities |
| Mar 25, 2025 | | 73 | ARC-E, PT, 0-shot (Table 9) | Capabilities |
| Mar 25, 2025 | | 88.3 | ARC-E, PT, 0-shot (Table 9) | Capabilities |
| Aug 30, 2024 | | 97 | Arc-E (10-Shot) (Section 3 table) | Capabilities |
| Aug 30, 2024 | | 94.6 | Arc-E (10-Shot) (Section 3 table) | Capabilities |
| Aug 30, 2024 | | 97.7 | Arc-E (10-Shot) (Section 3 table) | Capabilities |
| Jul 31, 2024 | | 88 | ARC-e, PT, 0-shot (Table 13) | Capabilities |
| Jul 31, 2024 | | 88.6 | ARC-e, PT, 0-shot (Table 13) | Capabilities |
| May 7, 2024 | | 98.1 | ARC-Easy 25-shot, DeepSeek-V2 Chat (RL) (Table 3) | Capabilities |
| Mar 13, 2024 | | 81.5 | ARC-e, PT (Table 6) | Capabilities |
| Mar 13, 2024 | | 73.2 | ARC-e, PT (Table 6) | Capabilities |
| Jan 8, 2024 | | 83.1 | Arc-e, 0-shot (Table 2) | Capabilities |
| Jan 5, 2024 | | 81.6 | ARC-Easy, DeepSeek 67B Chat (Table 6) | Capabilities |
| Oct 10, 2023 | | 80 | Arc-e, 0-shot (Table 2) | Capabilities |
| Jul 19, 2023 | | 75.2 | ARC-e, 0-shot, pretrained (Table 20) | Capabilities |
| Jul 19, 2023 | | 80.2 | ARC-e, 0-shot, pretrained (Table 20) | Capabilities |
| Jul 19, 2023 | | 79.4 | ARC-e, 0-shot, pretrained (Table 20) | Capabilities |
| Jul 19, 2023 | | 77.3 | ARC-e, 0-shot, pretrained (Table 20) | Capabilities |
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