MSEB
Audio representations from any multimodal system are scored on eight core tasks, including transcription, classification, retrieval, reasoning, segmentation, clustering, reranking and reconstruction.
Google's EmbeddingGemma 2 card reports the Retrieval subset as MRR@10. A follow-up paper in 2026-05 benchmarks LLMs on MSEB. Not the same as MTEB's MAEB.
- Made by
- Google Research
- Released
- February 2026
- Kind
- Audio understanding and voice
- Level
- Everyday
- Scored
- Checked automatically
- Answers
- Short answer
- Tasks
- All public
- Strongest model tested
-
Gemini 3 Flash #59 on the capability index
- Last in a launch post
- March 2026, dropped before it saturated
- Last model added
- October 2026
- Scores refreshed
- November 12th, 2026
In the authors’ words
Audio is a critical component of multimodal perception, and any truly intelligent system must demonstrate a wide range of auditory capabilities. These capabilities include transcription, classification, retrieval, reasoning, segmentation, clustering, reranking, and reconstruction. Fundamentally, each task involves transforming a raw audio signal into a meaningful 'embedding' - be it a single vector, a sequence of continuous or discrete representations, or another structured form - which then serves as the basis for generating the task's final response. To accelerate progress towards robust machine auditory intelligence, we present the Massive Sound Embedding Benchmark (MSEB): an extensible framework designed to evaluate the auditory components of any multimodal system. In its first release, MSEB offers a comprehensive suite of eight core tasks, with more planned for the future, supported by diverse datasets, including the new, large-scale Simple Voice Questions (SVQ) dataset. Our initial experiments establish clear performance headrooms, highlighting the significant opportunity to improve real-world multimodal experiences where audio is a core signal. We encourage the research community to use MSEB to assess their algorithms and contribute to its growth. The library is publicly hosted at github.
Gemini 3 Flash leads with 39.2 among models released by March 2026
Best score per entry from the benchmark's own leaderboard, read on November 12th, 2026. Where a model ran with several settings or harnesses, we keep its best. Every run is in the next chart. Names in gray aren't in our model list: fine-tunes, agent systems, products and older models. They don't count toward leaders.
Gemini Embedding 2 leads with 73.9, claims included
Best score per model from every source, including labs’ own numbers and claims Epoch AI collected from reports and papers. Labs pick their own settings, so a claim can beat an independent run of the same model.
The newest model with a score here came out in March 2026, and nobody has tested a newer one. Among the 20 highest-ranked models on the capability index, these have no score yet:
- Claude Fable 5.2
-
Gemini 4 Carbon
- GPT-6 Astra
- Claude Opus 5.5
- and 16 more
- 39.2
Gemini 3 Flash
- 35.8 gemini-embedding-001
- 25.8 gpt-4o-mini-audio
- 23.5
Gemini Embedding 2
- 20.6 gemini-2.5-pro (snapshot unspecified)
- 20.2 gemini-2.5-flash (snapshot unspecified)
- 17.9
Gemma 4 E2B
- 17.1
Gemini 2.5 Flash-Lite
- 16.7 gpt-4o-mini (snapshot unspecified)
- 14.7 gecko
- 13.8 perch
- 12.1 clap-htsat-unfused
- 10.7 gpt-4o-transcribe
- 10.2 scribe-v2
- 9.74 gpt-4o-mini-transcribe
- 9.58 Whisper large-v3
- 8.56 wav2vec2-large-960h-lv60
- 7.63
Gemma 3 27B
- 6.66
Gemma 4 E4B
- 1
Gemini 3 Flash 39.2
- 2 gemini-embedding-001 asr=truth 35.8
- 3 gpt-4o-mini-audio 25.8
- 4
Gemini Embedding 2 23.5
- 5 gemini-2.5-pro (snapshot unspecified) 20.6
- 6 gemini-2.5-flash (snapshot unspecified) 20.2
- 7
Gemma 4 E2B 17.9
- 8
Gemini 2.5 Flash-Lite Sep 2025 17.1
- 9 gpt-4o-mini (snapshot unspecified) asr=gpt-4o-transcribe 16.7
- 10 gecko asr=truth 14.7
- 11 perch 13.8
- 12 clap-htsat-unfused 12.1
- 13 gpt-4o-transcribe 10.7
- 14 scribe-v2 10.2
- 15 gpt-4o-mini-transcribe 9.74
- 16 Whisper large-v3 9.58
- 17 wav2vec2-large-960h-lv60 8.56
- 18
Gemma 3 27B asr=truth 7.63
- 19
Gemma 4 E4B 6.66
Source: Official MSEB leaderboard
- 1
Gemini Embedding 2 73.9
- 2
EmbeddingGemma 2 69.5
- 3
Gemini 3 Flash 39.2
- 4
Gemma 4 E2B 17.9
- 5
Gemini 2.5 Flash-Lite Sep 2025 17.1
- 6 gpt-4o-transcribe 10.7
- 7 gpt-4o-mini-transcribe 9.74
- 8 Whisper large-v3 9.58
- 9
Gemma 3 27B asr=truth 7.63
- 10
Gemma 4 E4B 6.66
Sources: Labs’ model cards and official MSEB leaderboard
| # | Entry | Score | Setting | Date | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | | 39.2 | Dec 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 2 | gemini-embedding-001 | 35.8 | asr=truth | Official leaderboard | |
| 3 | gpt-4o-mini-audio | 25.8 | Official leaderboard | ||
| 4 | | 23.5 | Mar 2026 | Official leaderboard | |
| 5 | gemini-2.5-pro (snapshot unspecified) | 20.6 | Official leaderboard | ||
| 6 | gemini-2.5-flash (snapshot unspecified) | 20.2 | Official leaderboard | ||
| 7 | | 17.9 | Mar 2026 | Official leaderboard | |
| 8 | | 17.1 | Sep 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 9 | gpt-4o-mini (snapshot unspecified) | 16.7 | asr=gpt-4o-transcribe | Official leaderboard | |
| 10 | gecko | 14.7 | asr=truth | Official leaderboard | |
| 11 | perch | 13.8 | Official leaderboard | ||
| 12 | clap-htsat-unfused | 12.1 | Official leaderboard | ||
| 13 | gpt-4o-transcribe | 10.7 | Mar 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 14 | scribe-v2 | 10.2 | Official leaderboard | ||
| 15 | gpt-4o-mini-transcribe | 9.74 | Mar 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 16 | Whisper large-v3 | 9.58 | Nov 2023 | Official leaderboard | |
| 17 | wav2vec2-large-960h-lv60 | 8.56 | Official leaderboard | ||
| 18 | | 7.63 | asr=truth | Mar 2025 | Official leaderboard |
| 19 | | 6.66 | Mar 2026 | Official leaderboard |
| # | Model | Score | Setting | Date | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | | 73.9 | Mar 2026 | Lab model card | |
| 2 | | 69.5 | Oct 2026 | Lab model card | |
| 3 | | 39.2 | Dec 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 4 | | 17.9 | Mar 2026 | Official leaderboard | |
| 5 | | 17.1 | Sep 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 6 | gpt-4o-transcribe | 10.7 | Mar 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 7 | gpt-4o-mini-transcribe | 9.74 | Mar 2025 | Official leaderboard | |
| 8 | Whisper large-v3 | 9.58 | Nov 2023 | Official leaderboard | |
| 9 | | 7.63 | asr=truth | Mar 2025 | Official leaderboard |
| 10 | | 6.66 | Mar 2026 | Official leaderboard |
Labs report scores for 2 models in their cards. Switch the scores above to rank them together.
Scores at each effort level
Models the leaderboard ran at two or more effort levels. We don’t have enough cost data here to say what the extra effort costs.
Source: Official MSEB leaderboard
| Model | Effort | Harness | Score | Cost per task | Output tokens |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| | 39.2 | ||||
| | asr=truth | 30.5 | |||
| | asr=gpt-4o-transcribe | 27.1 | |||
| | 23.5 | ||||
| | 17.9 | ||||
| | 17.1 | ||||
| gpt-4o-transcribe | 10.7 | ||||
| gpt-4o-mini-transcribe | 9.74 | ||||
| Whisper large-v3 | 9.58 | ||||
| | asr=truth | 7.63 | |||
| | asr=whisper | 7.04 | |||
| | asr=whisper-large-v3 | 6.69 | |||
| | asr=truth | 6.68 | |||
| | 6.66 |
Number one over time 2 models have held number one with claims included since its release in February 2026
Lab claims count from the day the card came out, independent runs from the model’s release. We draw one row each for the benchmark’s own leaderboard and what labs claim in their cards.
Sources: Official MSEB leaderboard and labs’ model cards
Scores over time
All the scores we have, one dot each, so a model tested at several settings appears more than once.
Sources: Official MSEB leaderboard and labs’ model cards
Labs headline it less often now, last in March 2026
Launch posts from every lab that has listed it, one tick per post. Tall colored ticks include it, and short gray ones leave it out.
| Date | Launch post | Score | As the post writes it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mar 10, 2026 | 73.9 | Gemini Embedding 2, speech to text MSEB mRR@10 |
2 system cards report it, from 1 lab
Besides launch posts, we read the system cards, model cards and technical reports labs publish with a release. They report far more, including safety and frontier-risk tests.
| Date | Document | Score | As the document writes it | Section |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Oct 6, 2026 | | 69.5 | MSEB Retrieval, Mean(Task), MRR@10, full precision, 768d | Capabilities |
| May 1, 2026 | | 73.9 | Gemini Embedding 2, speech to text MSEB mRR@10 | Other |
One lab claim next to the leaderboard
Each score a lab reported for its own model, beside the same model's best score on the leaderboard. Gaps mostly come from different harnesses, effort levels and task subsets. Every benchmark.
| Model | Lab says | Board says | Gap |
|---|---|---|---|
| | 73.9 Gemini Embedding 2, speech to text MSEB mRR@10 | 23.5 Leaderboard | +50.4 |
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