Benchmark Almanac

LVBench

Gemini 4 Argon 91.7% leads since October 2026
Seed1.5-VL 64.6% leads since May 2025
Gemini 4 Argon 91.7% leads since October 2026
In use

Hours-long video understanding with multiple-choice questions on reasoning, grounding and summarization.

Frame budgets differ by provider API, which complicates comparisons.

Made by
Zhipu AI / Tsinghua
Released
June 2024
Kind
Long videos
Level
Everyday
Scored
Checked automatically
Answers
Multiple choice
Tasks
All public
Strongest model tested
Gemini 4 Argon #9 on the capability index
Last in a launch post
October 2026
Last model added
October 2026
Scores refreshed
November 12th, 2026

In the authors’ words

Recent progress in multimodal large language models has markedly enhanced the understanding of short videos (typically under one minute), and several evaluation datasets have emerged accordingly. However, these advancements fall short of meeting the demands of real-world applications such as embodied intelligence for long-term decision-making, in-depth movie reviews and discussions, and live sports commentary, all of which require comprehension of long videos spanning several hours. To address this gap, we introduce LVBench, a benchmark specifically designed for long video understanding. Our dataset comprises publicly sourced videos and encompasses a diverse set of tasks aimed at long video comprehension and information extraction. LVBench is designed to challenge multimodal models to demonstrate long-term memory and extended comprehension capabilities. Our extensive evaluations reveal that current multimodal models still underperform on these demanding long video understanding tasks. Through LVBench, we aim to spur the development of more advanced models capable of tackling the complexities of long video comprehension. Our data and code are publicly available at: https://lvbench.github.io.

Abstract of LVBench: An Extreme Long Video Understanding Benchmark (arXiv:2406.08035, CC0)
31
Models scored in lab cards
29
Launch posts list it, from 5 labs
18
System cards report it, from 5 labs

Gemini 4 Argon leads with 91.7%

Best score per model as labs report them in their own cards. Labs pick their own settings, so these compare less cleanly than independent runs.

Seed1.5-VL leads with 64.6% across all independent runs

Best score per model across the official leaderboard, Epoch AI’s own runs and any board Epoch AI copied. Each bar and row names its source.

Gemini 4 Argon leads with 91.7%, claims included

Best score per model from every source, including labs’ own numbers and claims Epoch AI collected from reports and papers. Labs pick their own settings, so a claim can beat an independent run of the same model.

  1. 1 Gemini 4 Argon 91.7%
  2. 2 Gemini 3.8 Flash 87.8%
  3. 3 Gemini 3.7 Flash 85.4%
  4. 4 Qwen 3.8 Max 81.8%
  5. 5 Gemini 2.5 Pro Jun 2025 78.7%
  6. 6 Seed2.1 Pro 78%
  7. 7 Qwen3.8-Omni-Flash 76.9%
  8. 8 Qwen3.8 Flash 76.6%
  9. 9 Seed2.0 Pro 76.4%
  10. 10 Seed2.0 Lite (0428) 76.4%
  11. 11 Qwen3.7-Plus 76.2%
  12. 12 Kimi K2.5 75.9%
  13. 13 Qwen3.5 397B-A17B 75.5%
  14. 14 Qwen3.5-122B-A10B 74.4%
  15. 15 Qwen3.5-27B 73.6%
  16. 16 Seed1.8 73%
  17. 17 Qwen3.5-35B-A3B 71.4%
  18. 18 Qwen 3.6 35B-A3B 71.4%
  19. 19 Qwen3.5-Omni-Plus 71.2%
  20. 20 Qwen3.5-9B 70%
  21. 21 Qwen3.5-4B 66.4%
  22. 22 Seed1.5-VL 64.6%
  23. 23 Qwen3-VL-235B-A22B 63.6%
  24. 24 Gemini 2.5 Flash Jun 2025 62.7%
  25. 25 GLM-4.6V 59.5%
  26. 26 Qwen3.5-2B 57.1%
  27. 27 GLM-4.5V 53.8%
  28. 28 Qwen3-Omni-30B-A3B 50.2%
  29. 29 Qwen2.5-VL-72B 47.3%
  30. 30 GLM-4.1V-9B-Thinking 45.1%
  31. 31 Qwen3.5-0.8B 45.1%

Source: Labs’ model cards

Sources: Labs’ model cards and official LVBench leaderboard

#ModelScoreSettingDateSource
1 Gemini 4 Argon 91.7% Oct 2026 Lab model card
2 Gemini 3.8 Flash 87.8% Sep 2026 Lab model card
3 Gemini 3.7 Flash 85.4% Aug 2026 Lab model card
4 Qwen 3.8 Max 81.8% Aug 2026 Lab model card
5 Gemini 2.5 Pro Jun 2025 78.7% Jul 2025 Lab model card
6 Seed2.1 Pro 78% Jun 2026 Lab model card
7 Qwen3.8-Omni-Flash 76.9% Sep 2026 Lab model card
8 Qwen3.8 Flash 76.6% Aug 2026 Lab model card
9 Seed2.0 Pro 76.4% Feb 2026 Lab model card
10 Seed2.0 Lite (0428) 76.4% Apr 2026 Lab model card
11 Qwen3.7-Plus 76.2% Jun 2026 Lab model card
12 Kimi K2.5 75.9% Jan 2026 Lab model card
13 Qwen3.5 397B-A17B 75.5% Feb 2026 Lab model card
14 Qwen3.5-122B-A10B 74.4% Feb 2026 Lab model card
15 Qwen3.5-27B 73.6% Feb 2026 Lab model card
16 Seed1.8 73% Dec 2025 Lab model card
17 Qwen3.5-35B-A3B 71.4% Feb 2026 Lab model card
18 Qwen 3.6 35B-A3B 71.4% Apr 2026 Lab model card
19 Qwen3.5-Omni-Plus 71.2% Mar 2026 Lab model card
20 Qwen3.5-9B 70% Mar 2026 Lab model card
21 Qwen3.5-4B 66.4% Mar 2026 Lab model card
22 Seed1.5-VL 64.6% May 2025 Lab model card
23 Qwen3-VL-235B-A22B 63.6% Sep 2025 Lab model card
24 Gemini 2.5 Flash Jun 2025 62.7% Jul 2025 Lab model card
25 GLM-4.6V 59.5% Dec 2025 Lab model card
26 Qwen3.5-2B 57.1% Mar 2026 Lab model card
27 GLM-4.5V 53.8% Aug 2025 Lab model card
28 Qwen3-Omni-30B-A3B 50.2% Sep 2025 Lab model card
29 Qwen2.5-VL-72B 47.3% Jan 2025 Lab model card
30 GLM-4.1V-9B-Thinking 45.1% Jul 2025 Lab model card
31 Qwen3.5-0.8B 45.1% Mar 2026 Lab model card
#ModelScoreSettingDateSource
1 Seed1.5-VL 64.6% thinking May 2025 Official leaderboard
2 GPT-4o Nov 2024 48.9% Nov 2024 Official leaderboard
3 InternVL2_5-78B 43.6% Dec 2024 Official leaderboard
4 mPLUG-Owl3-7B 43.5% Aug 2024 Official leaderboard
5 Qwen2-VL-72B-Instruct 41.3% Aug 2024 Official leaderboard
6 TimeMarker 41.3% Nov 2024 Official leaderboard
7 InternVL2-40B 39.6% Jul 2024 Official leaderboard
8 Gemini 1.5 Pro May 2024 33.1% May 2024 Official leaderboard
9 GPT-4o May 2024 30.8% May 2024 Official leaderboard
#ModelScoreSettingDateSource
1 Gemini 4 Argon 91.7% Oct 2026 Lab model card
2 Gemini 3.8 Flash 87.8% Sep 2026 Lab model card
3 Gemini 3.7 Flash 85.4% Aug 2026 Lab model card
4 Qwen 3.8 Max 81.8% Aug 2026 Lab model card
5 Gemini 2.5 Pro Jun 2025 78.7% Jul 2025 Lab model card
6 Seed2.1 Pro 78% Jun 2026 Lab model card
7 Qwen3.8-Omni-Flash 76.9% Sep 2026 Lab model card
8 Qwen3.8 Flash 76.6% Aug 2026 Lab model card
9 Seed2.0 Pro 76.4% Feb 2026 Lab model card
10 Seed2.0 Lite (0428) 76.4% Apr 2026 Lab model card
11 Qwen3.7-Plus 76.2% Jun 2026 Lab model card
12 Kimi K2.5 75.9% Jan 2026 Lab model card
13 Qwen3.5 397B-A17B 75.5% Feb 2026 Lab model card
14 Qwen3.5-122B-A10B 74.4% Feb 2026 Lab model card
15 Qwen3.5-27B 73.6% Feb 2026 Lab model card
16 Seed1.8 73% Dec 2025 Lab model card
17 Qwen3.5-35B-A3B 71.4% Feb 2026 Lab model card
18 Qwen 3.6 35B-A3B 71.4% Apr 2026 Lab model card
19 Qwen3.5-Omni-Plus 71.2% Mar 2026 Lab model card
20 Qwen3.5-9B 70% Mar 2026 Lab model card
21 Qwen3.5-4B 66.4% Mar 2026 Lab model card
22 Seed1.5-VL 64.6% thinking May 2025 Official leaderboard
23 Qwen3-VL-235B-A22B 63.6% Sep 2025 Lab model card
24 Gemini 2.5 Flash Jun 2025 62.7% Jul 2025 Lab model card
25 GLM-4.6V 59.5% Dec 2025 Lab model card
26 Qwen3.5-2B 57.1% Mar 2026 Lab model card
27 GLM-4.5V 53.8% Aug 2025 Lab model card
28 Qwen3-Omni-30B-A3B 50.2% Sep 2025 Lab model card
29 GPT-4o Nov 2024 48.9% Nov 2024 Official leaderboard
30 Qwen2.5-VL-72B 47.3% Jan 2025 Lab model card
31 GLM-4.1V-9B-Thinking 45.1% Jul 2025 Lab model card
32 Qwen3.5-0.8B 45.1% Mar 2026 Lab model card
33 InternVL2_5-78B 43.6% Dec 2024 Official leaderboard
34 mPLUG-Owl3-7B 43.5% Aug 2024 Official leaderboard
35 Qwen2-VL-72B-Instruct 41.3% Aug 2024 Official leaderboard
36 TimeMarker 41.3% Nov 2024 Official leaderboard
37 InternVL2-40B 39.6% Jul 2024 Official leaderboard
38 Gemini 1.5 Pro May 2024 33.1% May 2024 Official leaderboard
39 GPT-4o May 2024 30.8% May 2024 Official leaderboard

The benchmark's own leaderboard has 21 entries, 9 of them models we track. Switch the scores above to rank them together.

7 models have held number one in labs’ own numbers since its release in June 2024 5 models have held number one across all independent runs since its release in June 2024 10 models have held number one with claims included since its release in June 2024

Lab claims count from the day the card came out, independent runs from the model’s release. We draw one row each for the benchmark’s own leaderboard and what labs claim in their cards.

Google DeepMind Shanghai AI Lab Alibaba Group OpenAI ByteDance Seed Qwen
Own leaderboard Not tested since May 2025
Seed1.5-VL 64.6%
Lab claims Passed 85% in Aug 2026, by Gemini 3.7 Flash

Sources: Official LVBench leaderboard and labs’ model cards

Google DeepMind’s own number for Gemini 3.7 Flash passed 85% in August 2026

All the scores we have, one dot each, so a model tested at several settings appears more than once.

On the benchmark’s own leaderboard Reported by the lab in its model card Best so far
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 2024 2025 2026 Near the ceiling (85%) Gemini 4 Argon Gemini 3.7 Flash Gemini 2.5 Pro Seed1.5-VL GPT-4o mPLUG-Owl3-7B Gemini 1.5 Pro 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 2024 2025 2026 Near the ceiling (85%) Gemini 4 Argon Gemini 3.7 Flash

Sources: Official LVBench leaderboard and labs’ model cards

3 labs put it in a launch post in the last six months

Launch posts from every lab that has listed it, one tick per post. Tall colored ticks include it, and short gray ones leave it out.

Qwen
ByteDance Seed
Z.ai
Moonshot AI
Google DeepMind
DateLaunch postScoreAs the post writes it
Oct 13, 2026 Gemini 4 Argon 91.7 LVBench
Sep 18, 2026 Qwen3.8-Omni-Flash 76.9 LVBench
Sep 2, 2026 Gemini 3.8 Flash 87.8 LVBench (agentic; static = 87.1%)
Aug 26, 2026 Qwen3.8 Flash 76.6 Long video understanding LVBench
Aug 13, 2026 Gemini 3.7 Flash 85.4 LVBench
Aug 3, 2026 Qwen 3.8 Max 81.8 LVBench
Jun 23, 2026 Seed2.1 Pro 78 LVBench
Jun 1, 2026 Qwen3.7-Plus 76.2 LVBench
Apr 28, 2026 Seed2.0 Lite (0428) 76.4 LVBench
Apr 15, 2026 Qwen 3.6 35B-A3B 71.4 LVBench
Mar 30, 2026 Qwen3.5-Omni-Plus 71.2 LVBench
Mar 2, 2026 Qwen3.5-0.8B 45.1 LVBench 45.1/-- (with CI / without CI)
Mar 2, 2026 Qwen3.5-2B 57.1 LVBench 57.1/-- (with CI / without CI)
Mar 2, 2026 Qwen3.5-4B 66.4 LVBench
Mar 2, 2026 Qwen3.5-9B 70 LVBench
Feb 24, 2026 Qwen3.5-35B-A3B 71.4 LVBench
Feb 24, 2026 Qwen3.5-27B 73.6 LVBench
Feb 24, 2026 Qwen3.5-122B-A10B 74.4 LVBench
Feb 16, 2026 Qwen3.5 397B-A17B 75.5 LVBench
Feb 14, 2026 Seed2.0 Pro 76.4 LVBench (without VideoCut, 80.0 with)
Jan 27, 2026 Kimi K2.5 75.9 LVBench
Dec 18, 2025 Seed1.8 73 LVBench
Dec 8, 2025 GLM-4.6V 59.5 LVBench
Sep 23, 2025 Qwen3-VL-235B-A22B 63.6 LVBench
Sep 22, 2025 Qwen3-Omni-30B-A3B 50.2 LVBench
Aug 11, 2025 GLM-4.5V 53.8 LVBench
Jul 1, 2025 GLM-4.1V-9B-Thinking 45.1 LVBench
May 12, 2025 Seed1.5-VL 64.6 LVBench
Jan 28, 2025 Qwen2.5-VL-72B 47.3 LVBench

18 system cards report it, from 5 labs

Besides launch posts, we read the system cards, model cards and technical reports labs publish with a release. They report far more, including safety and frontier-risk tests.

DateDocumentScoreAs the document writes itSection
Oct 13, 2026 Gemini 4 Argon model card 91.7 LVBench (results table, p.5) Capabilities
Sep 22, 2026 Qwen3.8-Omni-Flash technical report 76.9 LVBench (Table 3) Capabilities
Sep 2, 2026 Gemini 3.8 Flash model card 87.8 LVBench, agentic (results table, p.5). Static = 87.1% Capabilities
Aug 13, 2026 Gemini 3.7 Flash model card 85.4 LVBench (results table, p.5) Capabilities
Jun 23, 2026 Seed2.1 Pro model card 78 LVBench (Table 10) Capabilities
Apr 17, 2026 Qwen3.5-Omni-Plus technical report 71.2 LVBench (Table 6) Capabilities
Mar 21, 2026 Seed1.8 model card 73 LVBench (Table 3). 78.9 with the VideoCut tool (Table 6) Capabilities
Feb 14, 2026 Seed2.0 Pro model card 76.4 LVBench (Table 9). 80.0 with the VideoCut tool (Table 10) Capabilities
Jan 30, 2026 Kimi K2.5 technical report 75.9 LVBench (Table 4) Capabilities
Jan 1, 2026 GLM-4.6V technical report 59.5 LVBench, GLM-4.6V thinking (Table 2) Capabilities
Nov 26, 2025 Qwen3-VL-235B-A22B technical report 63.6 LVBench (Table 2) Capabilities
Sep 22, 2025 Qwen3-Omni-30B-A3B technical report 50.2 LVBench, Instruct (Table 9). Thinking 49.0 (Table 10) Capabilities
Aug 13, 2025 GLM-4.5V technical report 53.8 LVBench, GLM-4.5V thinking (Table 2) Capabilities
Jul 7, 2025 Gemini 2.5 Pro technical report 78.7 LVBench, test, 0-shot (Table 6) Capabilities
Jul 7, 2025 Gemini 2.5 Flash technical report 62.7 LVBench, test, 0-shot (Table 6) Capabilities
Jul 1, 2025 GLM-4.1V-9B-Thinking technical report 44 LVBench, GLM-4.1V-9B-Thinking thinking (Table 2). Table 3 prints 45.1 Capabilities
May 11, 2025 Seed1.5-VL technical report 64.6 LVBench, thinking (Table 7). Non-thinking 64.0 Capabilities
Feb 19, 2025 Qwen2.5-VL-72B technical report 47.3 LVBench (Table 8) Capabilities

One lab claim next to the leaderboard

Each score a lab reported for its own model, beside the same model's best score on the leaderboard. Gaps mostly come from different harnesses, effort levels and task subsets. 1 of them match, which usually means one side copied the other. Every benchmark.

Model Lab says Board says Gap
Seed1.5-VL 64.6% LVBench 64.6% Leaderboard, thinking Same

More in Audio and video

All 232 in Audio and video
  • Video-MMMU In use 300 expert-level lecture videos with questions testing perception, comprehension and adaptation of knowledge. Accuracy. Qwen 3.8 Max 88.7%
  • MMVU In use 3,000 expert-annotated questions on videos across 27 disciplines. Multiple-choice and open-ended accuracy. Qwen 3.8 Max 82.4%
  • MLVU In use Multi-task long video understanding (minutes to hours) with multiple-choice and generation tasks. Accuracy. Qwen 3.8 Max 90.8%
  • FLEURS In use Models transcribe read speech in 102 languages built from FLoRes-101 sentences. Model cards usually report word error rate, so lower scores are better. Phi-4-multimodal 4.00%
  • VoiceBench In use Spoken instructions with speaker, environment and content variation. Voice assistant responses scored by GPT judge or rules. Qwen3.5-Omni-Plus 93.1%
  • TVBench In use Models answer multiple-choice questions on 10 temporal video tasks, such as action counting and ordering, that static frames cannot solve. Scored by accuracy. Qwen 3.8 Max 81.9%